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PSYC 3500 Exam -3 2024_2025 fully solved & updated
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PSYC 3500 Exam -3 2024_2025 fully solved & updated
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PSYC 3500 Exam #3 2024/2025 fully solved& updated
conceptualization (1 of 3 stages of planning for speaking) - ANSWER-lexical
semantics and concepts (meanings [that we want to convey]; thinking)
formulation (1 of 3 stages of planning for speaking) -
ANSWER-lexicon/morphology (words)
sub-lexical representation (here = phonemes, "sounds")
articulation/execution (1 of 3 stages of planning for speaking) - ANSWER-
producing the acoustic signal (actually speaking)
types of speech errors (phoneme units)/errors involving sound units (3 types) -
ANSWER-1) perseveration
2) anticipation
3) exchange
perseveration (type of speech error for phoneme units) - ANSWER-already
pronounced sound is mistakenly produced again
"tissue tox" (intended = box)
"is the dean dizzy?" (intended = busy)
anticipation (type of speech error for phoneme units) - ANSWER-sound is
mistakenly produced too early
"bissue box" --> tissue box
"a well-boiled icicle" --> a well-oiled bicycle
,exchange (type of speech error for phoneme units) - ANSWER-two intended
sound units are swapped
"bissue tox" --> tissue box
"you have tasted the whole term" --> you have wasted the whole term
what can we infer from phoneme errors? - ANSWER-sounds of words start being
planned in advance, but not very far in advance. normally, sound errors are from
adjacent content words (content word = noun or adjective)
sound exchanges come from the same parts of words (e.g., onset OR rhyme)
types of speech errors (morpheme units)/errors involving morpheme units (2
types) - ANSWER-1) deletion
2) exchange
deletion (type of speech error for morpheme units) - ANSWER-a morpheme is
dropped
"she drink__ coffee" --> she drinks coffee
exchange (type of speech error for morpheme units) - ANSWER-two morphemes
are swapped
"I coffeed two orders" --> i ordered two coffees
what can we infer from morpheme errors? - ANSWER-planning before speaking
morpheme exchanges are usually:
-stem to stem
-prefix to prefix
-suffix to suffix
--> suggesting separate "buffers" for different affixes
types of speech errors (word units)/errors involving word units (3 types) -
ANSWER-1) substitution
2) exchange
3) blend
substitution (type of speech error for word units) - ANSWER-intended word
replaced with one that's not intended to be in the sentence
, "i returned the books" --> intended "paper"
exchange (type of speech error for word units) - ANSWER-two intended words
swapped
"the dog hissed when the cat barked" --> the dog barked when the cat hissed
blend (type of speech error for word units) - ANSWER--two words blended
together
-tend to have overlapping meanings
"misunderestimated" --> misunderstood and underestimated
what can we infer from word errors? - ANSWER-planning before speaking
word exchanges are usually:
-in the same clause, but there can be intervening content words, suggesting
words are chosen further in advance than sounds
-from the same syntactic category
what can we infer from blend errors? (word units/word errors) - ANSWER-blends:
the "mashup" of speaking...when (most often) words with similar meanings are
combined
(bad) planning before speaking
speech errors reflect the processes that we go through when we plan
utterances** - ANSWER-Uttered:
"I'd hear [present tense] it if I knew [past tense] it"
--intended→ "I'd know [present] it if I heard [past tense] it"
NOT uttered: I'd heard[past] it if i know[present tense] it"
-replaced actual words with root words
-what does this suggest about order?
--tells us that two intended "words" (lemmas, "words" here don't include sounds)
were swapped (without tense) and THEN the tenses were applied
---> lemmas = core/root form of words without sounds/affixes
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