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PHAR 100- Module 6 questions and answers 2025
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PHAR 100- Module 6 questions and answers 2025
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PHAR 100- Module 6 questionsand answers 2025
environmental toxicant - answer a chemical released into the
environment that causes adverse health effects on living organisms
acute toxicity - answer - a single exposure to a chemical
- often (but not always) a large dose
- ex. chemical spill
chronic toxicity - answer - small repeated exposures of a chemical
over time
- ex. eating contaminated food
Common environmental toxins - answer - air pollution
- tobacco smoke
- pesticides
- hebicides
1. Air pollution: 2 categories - answer - particulate matter
- gaseous air pollutants
particulate matter - answer - a mix of tiny particles made up of
non-gaseous pollutants
- can be solid or liquid droplets
- ex. biological materials
,gaseous air pollutants - answer major ones that have health
hazards:
- CO2 and CO
- nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide
- hydrogen sulphide
- ozone
Air pollution: sources of air pollution - answer - natural sources
- anthropogenic air pollutants
sources of air pollution: natural sources - answer - volcanoes
- forest/prairie fires
- dust storms
sources of air pollution: anthropogenic air pollutants - answer MAN
MADE AIR POLLUTANTS
- heating and power
- automobiles
- Industrial processes
anthropogenic air pollutants: heating and power - answer -
combustion of fossil fuels releases CO2, CO, sulphur oxides, and
nitrogen oxides
- coal is the biggest contributor to CO2 in the air from humans
anthropogenic air pollutants: automobiles - answer - exhaust
releases smoke, lead particles, CO, and nitrogen oxides
- governments regulated the decrease of emissions by using low/no
lead gas
- green vehicles are good
, anthropogenic air pollutants: industrial processes - answer -
release a variety of air pollutants (depending on what is being
made)
- ex. acids (sulphuric, acetic), solvents (can dissolve other
substances), chlorine and ammonia gas, metals (copper, lead, zinc)
Human Health and Air pollutants - answer - main health effect of
air pollution is chemical irritation to the respiratory tract
- people especially susceptible to air pollution: young kids, elderly,
people with cardiorespiratory disease (like asthma)
2. tobacco smoke - answer - adverse effects discussed in mod 2,
section 3
- environmental tobacco smoke (second hand smoke) is a combo of
main stream smoke (the smoke exhaled) and side stream smoke
(smoke from the burning end of a cigarette)
- second hand smoke can cause lung cancer
second hand (environmental) smoke health risks - answer - just as
bad for your health as directly smoking
- can cause lung cancer
- bylaws are put in place to limit the where you can smoke so others
aren't involuntarily exposed to other people
3. Pesticides - answer - they intentionally kill organisms
Pesticides: Insecticides - answer - chemicals used to kill insects, or
make them unable to reproduce or develop mentally
2 types of insecticides - answer - organochlorine insecticides
- organophosphorus insecticides
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