POPLHLTH 111: Module 2 || with Complete Solutions.
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Course
POPLHLTH 111
Institution
POPLHLTH 111
Determinants of population health correct answers An event or characteristic or other definable entity that brings about a change for better or worse for health
e.g. age, gender, ethnicity, income
Autonomy correct answers Able to make our own choices
Empowerment correct answers Measures desi...
POPLHLTH 111: Module 2 || with Complete Solutions.
Determinants of population health correct answers An event or characteristic or other definable
entity that brings about a change for better or worse for health
e.g. age, gender, ethnicity, income
Autonomy correct answers Able to make our own choices
Empowerment correct answers Measures designed to increase the degree of autonomy and self-
determination in people/communities in order to enable them to represent their interests in a
responsible and self-determined way
Inequalities correct answers Measurable differences or variations in health
Differences in health experience and outcomes between different population groups
i.e. the social gradient
Inequities correct answers Health inequities are differences that are unfair or unjust in the
distribution of resources/services across populations which do not reflect health needs
e.g. where hospitals are located
Why we should reduce inequalities correct answers They are unfair, matters of justice
They are avoidable if we make things more accessible
They affect everybody
Reducing inequities can be cost effective
Socio-economic position (SEP) correct answers The social and economic factors that influence
what positions individuals or groups hold within the structure of a society
Measures of SEP are used to? correct answers Quantify the level of inequality within or between
societies
Highlight changes to population structures over time
Help understand relationships between health and social variables
Key measures of SEP correct answers Income
Education
Occupation
Income correct answers Personal income
Use absolute (reporting bias) or categorial measures
Household income
Equivalised, standardisation
Dose-response association with health
Cumulative effect
Can change over a short duration e.g. short term contracts
, Education correct answers Continuous variable e.g. years of education completed
Categorical variable (preferable) e.g. education attainment
Parents to person SEP comparisons
Cohort effects problems e.g. more people now study, women study, different countries have
different education standards
Occupation correct answers Measure current or longest held occupation or parental occupation if
younger
NZSEI groups jobs by potential income i.e. social class
Reflects social standing
Social mobility
NZSEI correct answers NZ Socioeconomic Index
Highest scores class 1 e.g. lawyer
Lowest scores class 6 e.g. agricultural worker
NEET correct answers Not in Education, Employment or Training
Ideal pathways for school leavers
Used to describe situations of individuals
Social gradient - higher life expectancy if in employment, education or training
Odds Ratio correct answers EG÷CG
Preston Curve correct answers Life expectancy vs GDP for countries
Lower life expectancy - lower GDP
Social gradient correct answers Inequalities in health status are related to inequalities in social
status
Social mobility correct answers The movement of individuals, families, households, or groups of
people within or between social strata in a society
Intra-generational mobility correct answers Refers to the movement up or down the social ladder
in an individual's lifetime
Inter-generational mobility correct answers Refers to the change in socioeconomic position
between a parent and their children
Equality of Opportunity correct answers Everyone has the same chance of moving up the social
ladder
Lorenz Curve correct answers Distribution of wealth in population
Line of equality = 50% of population get 50% of wealth
Line of inequality = greater concave of curve, greater inequality in population (blue line)
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