core - answer ✅✅Center of the earth; composed of iron and some nickel; solid
inner core & liquid outer core
mantle - answer ✅✅the layer of of earth outside the core; mostly solid and
makes up about 70% of Earth's volume
crust - answer ✅✅the rocky outer shell of the planet
lithosphere - answer ✅✅thin, upper part of the mantle and the outermost crust;
the rock consists of cooler, brittle rock
asthenosphere - answer ✅✅below the lithosphere; contains malleable rock
that can move over time
,igneous rock - answer ✅✅molten magma that has cooled under Earth's
surface; associated with volcanic activity
sedimentary rock - answer ✅✅created by underwater sediments in the ocean
compacted by pressure as the sediment layer builds up
metamorphic rock - answer ✅✅formed when either igneous or sedimentary
rock is subject to extreme heat and pressure
gases in the atmosphere - answer ✅✅Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21%
Argon - 0.9%
Carbon dioxide - 0.038%
troposphere - answer ✅✅near the surface of Earth; where weather takes place
and the location of almost all clouds; pressure and temperature decrease with
height in this layer
stratosphere - answer ✅✅less dense and temperature increases with height;
absorbs much of the ultraviolet energy from the sun
mesosphere - answer ✅✅temperature decreases with height; most meteors
burn up when entering
, thermosphere - answer ✅✅extremely thin; an abundance of ions; temperature
increases with height
exosphere - answer ✅✅outer most layer; very few particles
ozone layer - answer ✅✅located in the lower part of the stratosphere; absorbs
nearly 99% of the sun's ultraviolet light
ionosphere - answer ✅✅Upper part of Earth's atmosphere
-encompasses both mesosphere and thermosphere
barometer - answer ✅✅measure atmospheric pressure
aurora/australis borealis - answer ✅✅natural atmospheric light displays; result
of Earth's photons emitting light as they collide with solar wind particles and
regain electrons
hydrology - answer ✅✅The study of all water on Earth, including its movement
and distribution.
hydrosphere - answer ✅✅all the water on Earth's surface, groundwater, and
water in the atmosphere
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