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COMSAE (ALL) Test with Questions and 100% Correct Verified Solutions
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COMSAE (ALL) Test with Questions and100% Correct Verified Solutions
Kartagener Syndrome -- primary ciliary dyskinesia - Answer immotile cilia b/c dyne arm
defect; male and female infertility, inc risk ectopic pregnancy; causes bronchiectasis,
recurrent sinusitis, and situs inversus
Myasthenia gravis - Answer Most C NMJ disorder;
autos to postsynaptic ACh receptor;;
clinical-ptosis diplopia weakness, worsen w/ MUSCLE USE==WORSEEE
Assoc: thymoma, thyme hyperplasia
tx: pyridostigmine, edrophonium to diagnose==AChE inhibitor
Lambert Eaton myasthenia syndrome - Answer uncommon;
autoabs to presynaptic Ca+2 channel>> dec ACh release
proximal muscle weakness, autonomic sx, improve WITH MUSCLE USE= BETTER
assoc: small cell lung cancer;
AChE inhibitors don't help
Visual Field defects: Right anopia - Answer Right optic nerve
2 bitemporal hemianopia - Answer optic chiasm, pituitary tumor
,Left homonymous hemianopia - Answer right optic tract
Left upper quadratic anopia - Answer right temporal lesion MCA, Meyer loop
Left Lower quadrantic anopia - Answer right parietal lesion MCA--dorsal optic radiation
Left hemianopia w/ macular sparing - Answer PCA infarct
Central scotoma - Answer macular degeneration
Cranial nerve III damage - Answer >> poss cause DM >> inc sorbitol; due dc O2/nutrients
S/s: ptosis, down and out; diminished/absent pupillary light reflex, blown pupil
CN IV damage - Answer eye moves upward; esp C/l gaze, head tilt toward side lesion;
problems going downstairs; present w/ compensatory head tilt in app direction
CNVI damage - Answer medially direct eye that cannot abduct
eye nerves remember - Answer LR6, So4, R3
Acetaminophen - Answer moa: reversibly inhibit COX, mostly CNS;
AE: OD>> hepatic necrosis; NAPQI depletes glutathione>> toxic byproducts liver;
NAC= antidote>> regenerate glutathione
,Vecuronium - Answer neuromuscular blocking drugs>> muscle paralysis in surgery
or mechanical ventilation; NONDEPOLARIZING (CUR'S)
competitive antagonsits> compete ACh for receptors
Reversal= neostigmine *given w/ atropine to avoid muscarinics such as
bradycardia, edrophonium and other cholinesterase inhibitors
Succinylcholine - Answer depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug-- strong ACh
receptor agonist>> produce sustained depot and prevent muscle contraction
reversal blockade
phase I: prolong depot- no antidote; block potentiated by cholinesterase inhibitors
Phase II: depolarized but blocked; ACh receptors available but desensitized;
reversed with cholinesterase inhibitors
complications: hypercalcemia, hyperc=kalemia, malignant hyperthermia
Tricyclic Antidepressants:imipramine - Answer amitryptiyline, nortryptiline
desipramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine
moa: block reuptake NE and 5HT
AE: sedation, alpha 1 block effects>> postural hypotension and atropine like
(anticholinergic) side effects>> tachycardia, urinary retention, dry mouth,
GLAUCOMA LIKE, prolong QT
TriC's: Convulsions, Coma, Cardiotoxicity (arrhythmia due to NA channel inhibit)
, Conduct disorder - Answer precursor to antisocial personality disorder=sociopath
animal harm, illegal activity, destruction property, theft, aggression
heroin - Answer miosis? respiratory depression
methadone or burpnorphine + naloxone treatment
Scalded skin syndrome - Answer Staphylococcal--
exotoxin destroy attaches in stratum granulosum
fever; general rash, sloughing upper layers epidermis heals completely; +
Nkolsy; newborns, children and adults w/ renal insufficiency
Placenta accrete/increta/percreta - Answer -defective decidual layer>> abnormal
attach and separate after delivery (risk factor C section, inflammation, placenta
prevue_ 3 types:
Placenta accreta - Answer attaches myometrium; no penetration
Placenta increta - Answer placenta INTO myometrium
Placenta percreta - Answer perforates through myometrium into uterine
serosa> attachment placenta to rectum/bladder
Presentation of placenta accrete etc - Answer US prior delivery; no separation
after delivery>> post part bleeding can cause Sheehan syndrome
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