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CCJ 4700 FSU Wenger - exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers

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CCJ 4700 FSU Wenger - exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers What is methodology? - Answer--the science of finding out 1. systematic procedures 2. technique 3. model inquiry What is empirical knowledge? - Answer--Knowledge based on what we experience and observe What are the *4 ways of "know...

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  • October 3, 2024
  • 39
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • CCJ 4700
  • CCJ 4700
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EmillyCharlotte
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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024

CCJ 4700 FSU Wenger - exam 1 Practice
Questions and Answers

What is methodology? - Answer✔✔--the science of finding out


1. systematic procedures

2. technique

3. model inquiry

What is empirical knowledge? - Answer✔✔--Knowledge based on what we

experience and observe

What are the *4 ways of "knowing"*? Which is the most influential? -
Answer✔✔-1. Authority


2. Tradition

3. Personal experience

4.*Scientific approach* most influential (empirical research)

What is authority? What are the pros and cons to this way of "Knowing"? -

Answer✔✔--Gaining knowledge from those with expertise

Pros

1. quick, easy

2. experts spend much time on learning something in particular

Cons

1. overstated expertise

2. ulterior motive

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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024
3. misplaced authority

What is tradition? What are the cons to his way of "knowing"? - Answer✔✔--authority

in the past "everybody knows" "its always been this way"

Cons

1. history can change

2. often not true in first place

3. can result in the spread of misinformation

What are the *downsides* and potential pitfalls of *personal experience*? -

Answer✔✔-1. Overgeneralization

2. Selective Observation

3. Premature Closure

4. Halo Effect

Define and give example of downsides of personal experience:



1. Overgeneralization - Answer✔✔-observing few events and taking them as

evidence of a general pattern



example: knowing a few pit bulls to be vicious

and assuming that all pit bulls are vicious

Define and give example of downside of personal experience:



2. Selective observation - Answer✔✔-noticing events that confirm what we already

believe and ignoring or discrediting events that are not supportive
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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024



example: noticing professor that are rude and

ignoring the professors that are helpful

Define and give example of downside of personal experience



3. Premature Closure - Answer✔✔-not considering alternative once you make up

your mind



example: i know a couple of people who

smoked two packs a day and lived to be 80, so

smoking isn't harmful

Define and give example of downside of personal experience



4. Halo Effect - Answer✔✔-giving a noun a person we respect an overly high amount

of prestige and authority



example: assuming a paper created by a

Harvard student is higher quality compared to

a paper written by a student from University of

Phoenix

What are the *scientific safeguards* against the pitfalls? - Answer✔✔-1. Conscious

training

2. Measurement devices

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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024
*3. Replication - doing that same study again to make sure make sure that the finding

remains the same*

4. Research designs- different ways to answer the same question

5. Peer review

6. Constant reinvestigation- looking over the same issues and attempting to build more

knowledge

What is replication? - Answer✔✔--doing that same study again to make sure make

sure that the finding remains the same

What is *social science*? Who or what do we investigate in a social science (as

opposed to natural science)? - Answer✔✔--the use of scientific methods to

investigate individuals, societies, and social processes

- including questions related to criminology

and criminal justice; the knowledge is

produced by these investigations.

*Why* do we conduct social research? (A-E) - Answer✔✔-A) Answer practical

questions

-Will reducing class size help students to learn

better?

B) Make informed decisions

-Will increasing the number of police on foot

patrols reduce crime?

C) Make money

-Which location will result in the least shoplifting

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