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FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman) Study Guide

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FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman) Study Guide Aristole - Answer-Scala Naturae- linear system Judeo- Christian perspective - Answer-The Creator: God made everything Linnaeus - Answer-Binomial nomenclature and nested classification system Cuvier - Answer-fossils in strata- catastrophism Hutto...

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  • October 3, 2024
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FGCU Biology 2- Final Exam (Erdman)
Study Guide

Aristole - Answer✔✔-Scala Naturae- linear system


Judeo- Christian perspective - Answer✔✔-The Creator: God made everything

Linnaeus - Answer✔✔-Binomial nomenclature and nested classification system

Cuvier - Answer✔✔-fossils in strata- catastrophism

Hutton and Lyell - Answer✔✔-gradualism and uniformitarianism- change via

cumulative effect of slow but continuous processes

Malthus - Answer✔✔-over production of offspring and the struggle to survive

Lamarck - Answer✔✔-first hypothesis on evolution: use and disuse, and inheritance

of acquired characteristics

decent with modification - Answer✔✔-passing traits from parent to offspring

natural selection - Answer✔✔-the process whereby organisms better adapted to their

environment tend to survive and produce more offspring (acts on individuals but

populations evolve)

homology - Answer✔✔-same or similar relation

biogeography - Answer✔✔-the branch of biology that deals with the geographical

distribution of plants and animals

convergent evolution - Answer✔✔-unrelated or distantly related organisms evolve

similar body forms, coloration, organs, and adaptations
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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024
fossils - Answer✔✔-the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in

petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock

population - Answer✔✔-group of the same species in given place and time that can

interbreed and produce fertile offspring, smallest unit of evolution

gene pool - Answer✔✔-consists of all alleles for all loci (specific location of gene on

chromosome) in a population

allele frequency - Answer✔✔-measure of relative frequency of an allele on a genetic

locus in a population (usually expressed as percentage)

Hardy-Weinberg Eqilibrium - Answer✔✔-1. no mutation

2. natural selection not occurring

3. population is large

4. random mating

5. no gene flow

Hardy-Weingberg equation - Answer✔✔-p^2+2pq+q^2=1

p & q= homozygous

2pq= heterozygous

mutations - Answer✔✔-random change in nucleotide sequence of DNA that can be

beneficial, neutral, or harmful

gene flow - Answer✔✔-transfer between populations

genetic drift - Answer✔✔-random changes in gene frequencies of small populations

from generation to generation



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FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024
bottleneck effect - Answer✔✔-population undergoes drastic size reduction as a result

of chance events

founder effect - Answer✔✔-a few individuals are isolated from a larger population

adaptive evolution - Answer✔✔-beneficial alleles "sorted" and favored by natural

selection

stabilizing selection - Answer✔✔-favors intermediates

directional selection - Answer✔✔-favors single phenotype

disruptive selection - Answer✔✔-favors extremes

speciation - Answer✔✔-origin of new species

macroevolution - Answer✔✔-evolutionary change at or above species level over long

periods of time

microevolution - Answer✔✔-change of allele frequencies in a population over time

allopatric speciation - Answer✔✔-gene flow interrupted or reduced when population

divided into geographically isolated subpopulations

sympatric speciation - Answer✔✔-occurs in geographically overlapping populations

adaptive radiation - Answer✔✔-rapid and frequent allopatric speciation following

geographic and reproductive isolation

pre-zygotic barriers - Answer✔✔-prior to fertilization

1. habitat isolation

2. temporal isolation

3. behavioral isolation


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