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Human Physiology 16th Edition Stuart Fox Test Bank $8.39   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

Human Physiology 16th Edition Stuart Fox Test Bank

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  • Course
  • Physiology
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  • Physiology

Human Physiology 16th Edition Stuart Fox Test Bank

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  • October 4, 2024
  • 19
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Physiology
  • Physiology
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Bayo482
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 16TH EDITION
STUART FOX TEST BANK

Physiology - ANSWER-integration of anatomy, biology, chemistry and
physics

Equation 1 - ANSWER-ATP <-> ADP + Pi + energy

Equation 2 - ANSWER-Glucose + O2 + ADP + Pi <-> ATP + CO2 + H2O +
heat

Equation 3 - ANSWER-CO2 + H2O <-> HCO3- + H+
creates a PH issue

Equation 4 - ANSWER-PV = nRT
pressure, volume, n = amount of substance, R = gas constant and T =
temperature

Homeostasis - ANSWER-Relatively stable maintenance of a body
parameter -> dynamic constancy

Homeostatic control system - ANSWER-purpose is to keep parameter at
set point

Set point - ANSWER-appropriate range... body temp is ~98.6 F

Steady state - ANSWER-Parameter at set point. System NOT changing
but energy is used therefore not equilibrium

Negative feedback - ANSWER-opposite of disturbance direction... return
toward SS

positive feedback - ANSWER-continue in disturbance direction... move
further from SS

Feedforward - ANSWER-limits the degree of feedback required therefore
SAVES ENERGY

,Biorhythms - ANSWER-use FF and are triggered by internal clocks NOT
the environment

Adaptation - ANSWER-genetic change, set up for survival

acclimatization - ANSWER-not changing genetics but changing set point,
clock reset based on environment

developmental acclimatization - ANSWER-non-reversible acclimatization

Reflex arc - ANSWER-stimulus -> receptor -> afferent pathway ->
integrating center -> efferent pathway -> effector -> response

autocrine - ANSWER-travels thru IF, cell sends message to itself, effector
= releaser

cytokine - ANSWER-travels thru IF/plasma/lymph and is messenger of
the immune system

Gap junctions - ANSWER-direct channels between adjacent cells, links
cytosols, small so limits exchange, not a barrier of IF

juxtacrines - ANSWER-bound to cell membrane (are NOT released) ex.
shaking someone's hand sends msg while staying connected

Endocrine - ANSWER-released by gland or neuron, travel thru plasma,
and communicates with distant effectors

paracrine - ANSWER-released by most cells, travel thru IF, and
communicates with neighbor effectors so can't travel far

neurotransmitter - ANSWER-released by neurons, travel thru IF, and
communicates with next neighbor neuron or effector

Cell - ANSWER-each has same DNA and divide by mitosis

differentiation - ANSWER-all cells start out unspecialized and then
becomes specialized

, Muscle cell/tissue - ANSWER-generate mechanical force

Nerve cell/tissue - ANSWER-works with electrical signals

Epithelial cell/tissue - ANSWER-interacts with environment

connective cell/tissue - ANSWER-connect, support and anchor

tissues - ANSWER-groupings of similar specialized cells

organs - ANSWER-combination of tissues

functional unit - ANSWER-smallest component but still works

redundancy - ANSWER-continue even if some is lost

expansion - ANSWER-add more functional units... adds more without
stopping

Organ systems - ANSWER-organs with a common function

Extracellular components - ANSWER-includes fluid and matrix

ECM - ANSWER-mix of proteins and minerals... provides structure,
regulate information transfer

collagen - ANSWER-fiberous proteins with rope-like traits and can move
around but only have a fixed distance apart but allows some movement

elastin - ANSWER-fiberous proteins with rubber band like traits, still
allows movement and can continue to move away but once that force is
stopped they spring back

non-fiberous proteins - ANSWER-carbohydrate-associated dominant

3 fluid filled compartments - ANSWER-intracellular fluid (cytosol),
Extracellular fluid (IF and plasma)

cytosol - ANSWER-fluid within cells and includes 67% of total water in
body

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