NURS 5336-Family 3- Final Exam
Modifiable Risk Factors: CVDs & Stroke -- Above 115/75, what increase in mmHg
increases the risk of major CV and stroke events? By what chance does it increase -
ANSWER SBP - 20 mmHg
DBP - 10 mmHg
Doubles
What percentage of patients have their BP under control? - ANSWER 52.5%
What two demographics have the highest rates of uncontrolled BP? - ANSWER
Black males
Hispanic males
Enhanced renal sodium reabsorption occurs in 57% of ____ compared with 27% in
other groups. - ANSWER African Americans
In Terms of gender, what is the prevalence of HTN (hypertension)? - ANSWER
Men - Greater up to age 45
Men & Women - Similar rate age 45-65
Women - Greater after age 65
DBP (diastolic blood pressure) is a _____ potent CV risk factor than SBP (systolic
blood pressure) until age _____. - ANSWER More
50
After age 50, _____ blood pressure if more important than ____ blood pressure as it
continues to rise. - ANSWER Systolic
Diastolic
A reduction of 2 mmHg give a ____% of reduction in stroke, a ____% of reduction in
CHD, and a ___% of reductions in total mortality - ANSWER -6
-4
-3
A reduction of 3 mmHg give a ____% of reduction in stroke, a ____% of reduction in
CHD, and a ___% of reductions in total mortality - ANSWER -8
-5
-4
A reduction of 5 mmHg give a ____% of reduction in stroke, a ____% of reduction in
CHD, and a ___% of reductions in total mortality - ANSWER -14
-9
-7
Blood pressure is approximately ___% lower at night - ANSWER 15%
, Less than ___% of the population do not experience nocturnal BP dipping (lowering)
- ANSWER 10%
A non-dipper have a higher risk of ___ - ANSWER CVD and renal disease
What intervention can be done to help restore the dip and achieve better BP control?
- ANSWER Shifting BP medications to evening administration
T/F: HTN (hypertension) is the most common problem in primary care - ANSWER
True
What can be the implications if HTN is not well managed? - ANSWER Morbidity
and Mortality
Farmington showed that the risk of heart failure was increased ____ for women with
HTN. - ANSWER 3 Times
What should a patient avoid within 30 minutes of a BP reading? - ANSWER
Tobacco
Eating
Caffeine
Alcohol
In a new patient, what should be done when measuring BP? - ANSWER Measure
in both arms
Take subsequent BPs in higher arm
How should a patient sit when BP is measured? - ANSWER Back supported
Support arm passively at heart level for 5 minutes prior to taking BP
Cuff should cover ___% of arm circumference - ANSWER 80%
Lower margin of cuff should be ___ above antecubital space - ANSWER 2.5 cm
Middle of the cuff should be over the ___. - ANSWER Brachial artery
How should a patient measure their BP when monitoring for HTN at home? -
ANSWER Use standardized log to record
2-3 measures in early AM and PM each day for 7 days
What should the provider keep in mind when assessing the BP log of a patient? -
ANSWER Ignore all day 1 measures and 1st reading of each set
Circle and average the remaining measures
What is the criteria for home readings to be considered hypertensive? - ANSWER
135/85
How does an ambulatory BP monitor work? - ANSWER Records BP over 24 hour
period
Modifiable Risk Factors: CVDs & Stroke -- Above 115/75, what increase in mmHg
increases the risk of major CV and stroke events? By what chance does it increase -
ANSWER SBP - 20 mmHg
DBP - 10 mmHg
Doubles
What percentage of patients have their BP under control? - ANSWER 52.5%
What two demographics have the highest rates of uncontrolled BP? - ANSWER
Black males
Hispanic males
Enhanced renal sodium reabsorption occurs in 57% of ____ compared with 27% in
other groups. - ANSWER African Americans
In Terms of gender, what is the prevalence of HTN (hypertension)? - ANSWER
Men - Greater up to age 45
Men & Women - Similar rate age 45-65
Women - Greater after age 65
DBP (diastolic blood pressure) is a _____ potent CV risk factor than SBP (systolic
blood pressure) until age _____. - ANSWER More
50
After age 50, _____ blood pressure if more important than ____ blood pressure as it
continues to rise. - ANSWER Systolic
Diastolic
A reduction of 2 mmHg give a ____% of reduction in stroke, a ____% of reduction in
CHD, and a ___% of reductions in total mortality - ANSWER -6
-4
-3
A reduction of 3 mmHg give a ____% of reduction in stroke, a ____% of reduction in
CHD, and a ___% of reductions in total mortality - ANSWER -8
-5
-4
A reduction of 5 mmHg give a ____% of reduction in stroke, a ____% of reduction in
CHD, and a ___% of reductions in total mortality - ANSWER -14
-9
-7
Blood pressure is approximately ___% lower at night - ANSWER 15%
, Less than ___% of the population do not experience nocturnal BP dipping (lowering)
- ANSWER 10%
A non-dipper have a higher risk of ___ - ANSWER CVD and renal disease
What intervention can be done to help restore the dip and achieve better BP control?
- ANSWER Shifting BP medications to evening administration
T/F: HTN (hypertension) is the most common problem in primary care - ANSWER
True
What can be the implications if HTN is not well managed? - ANSWER Morbidity
and Mortality
Farmington showed that the risk of heart failure was increased ____ for women with
HTN. - ANSWER 3 Times
What should a patient avoid within 30 minutes of a BP reading? - ANSWER
Tobacco
Eating
Caffeine
Alcohol
In a new patient, what should be done when measuring BP? - ANSWER Measure
in both arms
Take subsequent BPs in higher arm
How should a patient sit when BP is measured? - ANSWER Back supported
Support arm passively at heart level for 5 minutes prior to taking BP
Cuff should cover ___% of arm circumference - ANSWER 80%
Lower margin of cuff should be ___ above antecubital space - ANSWER 2.5 cm
Middle of the cuff should be over the ___. - ANSWER Brachial artery
How should a patient measure their BP when monitoring for HTN at home? -
ANSWER Use standardized log to record
2-3 measures in early AM and PM each day for 7 days
What should the provider keep in mind when assessing the BP log of a patient? -
ANSWER Ignore all day 1 measures and 1st reading of each set
Circle and average the remaining measures
What is the criteria for home readings to be considered hypertensive? - ANSWER
135/85
How does an ambulatory BP monitor work? - ANSWER Records BP over 24 hour
period
