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Unit 6. Cancer Questions and Answers 100% Accurate
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Exam of 5 pages for the course cancer at cancer (Unit 6. Cancer)
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Unit 6. CancerCancer Definition - answer-LARGE GROUP OF DISEASES characterized by
UNCONTROLLED GROWTH AND SPREAD of abnormal cells
-a term for diseases in which ABNORMAL CELLS DIVIDE WITHOUT CONTROL.
cancer cells can INVADE nearby tissues & can SPREAD through the bloodstream and
lymphatic system to other parts of the body
Sociocultural Aspects Related to Cancer - answer-attitude : the patient attitude may
delay treatment & the nurses attitude where you need self evaluation and to be
nonjudgmental (attitudes are contagious)
-myths : uncontrolled pain, treatment is worse than disease, cannot say the word out
loud, shark cartilage in Mexico, hits air and spreads during surgery, contagious
Incidence - answer-number of newly diagnosed cases of cancer observed within a given
population within specific time frame
-NEW CASES
Morbidity - answer-total number of cases of a specific disease in a specified period of
time per unit of population alive
-ILLNESS RATE
Mortality - answer-total number of deaths from specific disease
-DEATH RATE
Cancer Facts and Figures - answer-cancer is #2 mortality in the US (heart disease is
#1)
-#1 mortality cancer is the lungs
-men have a higher cancer rate, and African American men and women
-incidence men (prostate) women (breast)
-men - 1 in 2 chance of developing
-women - 1 in 3 chance
Cancer Etiology - answer-external factors
-personal factors
External Factors - answer-environmental carcinogens
-chemical carcinogenesis
-physical carcinogenesis
-viral carcinogenesis
Personal Factors - answer-immune function
-advancing age (#1)
-genetics
, Etiological Theories - answer-immune system dysfunction
-hormonal influences
-carcinogens
-viral infection
-demographic factors
-psychological factors
-other factors
Etiological Theory - Immune System Dysfunction - answer-normal immune system
should be fighting cancer
-during the time of diagnosis you have an abnormal immune function
-immunosuppressants increase your risk of developing cancer
-factors that influence - malnutrition, advancing age, chronic disease
Etiological Theory - Hormonal Influence - answercan promote or inhibit cancers to occur
& affects development depending on the use
Etiological Theories - Carcinogens - answer-chemicals : external agents associated with
occupational situations, tobacco, asbestos, exposure to chemotherapy
-diet : food additives (nitrates, nitrites, smoked, canned, cured meats), high fat diet
(breast, colon, prostate), alcohol intake, artificial sweeteners, ITS ALL ABOUT
MODERATION
-radiation : enviormental penetrates skin and damages cells, non-ionizing (ultraviolet,
radiation, light, sun), ionizing (x-rays, gamma rays)
-drugs : depending on dose and individual, chemotherapy, immunosuppressants,
estrogen/birth control, steroid use
Etiological Theories - Viral Infections - answer-hep B (liver)
-HPV (cervical, penis)
-Epstein bar virus (lymphoma)
Etiological Theories - Demographic Factors - answer-age : older
-sex : men
-race : black
-culture : behaviors, exposures, habits, sexual
-geographic isolation : air pollution
Etiological Theroies - Psychological Factors - answerpsychological stress makes you
vulnerable to immune problems
Etiological Theories - Other Factors - answer-multifactorial theory : the more factors the
higher the risk
-genetic inheritance : more susceptible, 5%-10% of cancers are hereditary
-chronic wounds/trauma : it can help diagnose cancer earlier, precancerous lesions
(benign, can become malignant)
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