1 > Themes Throughout History - ANSWER 1. Fear/Rejection of unknown
2. Fear/Rejection of differences
3. Assumption of Failure (aesthetic, moral, economic)
4. Assumption differences should be "fixed"
5. Segregation
6. Associated with poverty and crime
7. Judgement based on what is "normal" at time
2> Types of Failure Associated with Disability - ANSWER Aesthetic
Economic
Moral
3) Physical/Health Disability - Health - ANSWER *Strength, Vitality,
Alertness*
-illness or disease that impedes operation of major organ systems
-Can include both acquired and genetic conditions
-Can be: chronic/acute and progressive/nonprogressive
- Ex: seizures, asthma, diabetes, cancer, HIV/AIDS
, 4) Cerebral Palsy - ANSWER -condition that affects ability to move body and
coordinate muscles
- result of damage to the parts of the brain that control muscles, not problems
with the muscles themselves
*NOT- hereditary, progressive, or curable
7) Ataxic CP - ANSWER - issues with perception and balance
8) Emotional/Behavioral Disorders - ANSWER -*patterns of behavior that
negatively effect person's ability to function
-*not isolated instances
Caused by :
-Environment: family, social, community
-Genetic: familial connections
-Combination:
Ex: Depression, Bipolar, Schizophrenia
9) Overarching Issue- ACCESS - ANSWER 1. Physical- inability to physically
access/navigate around (ramps/elevators/ect)
2. Opportunity- sometimes denied based on discrimination (sports, jobs, school)
,10) Eugenics 1883 - ANSWER - Term coined by Sir Francis Galton
- Encouraged people with good genes (+) to procreate, while discourages
individuals deemed to have bad genes (-) not to.
-lead to forced sterilization/segregation
-Helen Keller supported this movement
11) Aesthetic Failure - ANSWER -Failure of personal appearence
- Aesthetic failures were viewed as inhuman, menacing, and sources of
entertainment
12) Identifying Intellectual Disabilites - ANSWER 1. Low IQ (69-below)
2. Deficits in adaptivity (conceptual, social, practical)
3. Present before age 18
*Must have all three
13) Economic Failure - ANSWER -economic dependence on others
- weren't able to perform average profitable work
-occupation was viewed as a sign of intelligence
14) Characteristics of Emotional/Behavioral Disabilities - ANSWER
Externalized:
-poor social relationships
-inappropriately express emotion, aggression, theft
-draws attention
15) Moral Failure - ANSWER - Judgement of immorality
-"feeble-mindedness" became associated with misbehavior
-crime associated
16) World Health Organization's Definition of Disability - ANSWER Umbrella
term covering:
1. Impairment- physical body problem
2. Activity limitation- difficulty executing task
3. Participation- problem in involvement in life situations
*focuses on physical aspects*
17) American's with Disabilities Act (ADA) Definition of Disability - ANSWER
1. Impairment that limits one or more major life activities
2. Record of impairments, covers conditions that come and go
3. Individual is regarded by others as having such impairment (conditions that
don't impact function but others assume it does ie. Burn victims)
Causes of Intellectual Disabilities - ANSWER 1. Prenatally
-chromosomal/genetic
-maternal health
-environment
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