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Bio Sci 93 Exam Questions With All Complete Solutions Current Update (Verified Pass)
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Bio Sci 93 Exam Questions With All Complete Solutions Current Update (Verified Pass) What is the difference between an atom and an element? Give Ex - Answers - element refers to the substance as a whole and atoms are usually the particular units of the substance. Ex: Oxygen is an important ele...

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  • October 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Bio Sci 93 Exam Questions With All
Complete Solutions Current Update
(Verified Pass)
What is the difference between an atom and an element? Give Ex - Answers -✔✔
element refers to the substance as a whole and atoms are usually the particular units of
the substance.
Ex: Oxygen is an important elements. Most oxygen is found as 2 oxygen atoms bound
together.

List the elements most common in biological organisms. Find two examples of
molecules that contain a rare element. - Answers -✔✔ Most common: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen, and nitrogen.
Important too: Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulfur, Sodium, Chlorine, and
Magnesium.

What is a valence electron? For the list of common biological elements, find each in the
periodic table and list another element with the same number of valence electrons. -
Answers -✔✔ The electrons in the outermost shell of an element are valence electrons.

Find a list of common ions in biology. Which of these have gained an extra electron?
Have any gained or lost more than one electron? - Answers -✔✔ Hydrogen (1) looses
its electron. Sodium (11) looses an electron. Chlorine (17) gains an electron.

List the elements commonly found in each type of biomolecule. - Answers -✔✔

List the types of chemical bonds and give examples of each. - Answers -✔✔ Ionic
bonds. ex: sodium chloride (NaCl)
Covalent bonds. ex: two hydrogen atoms 1+1=2 which fills the first electron shell.
Hydrogen bonds. ex: hydrogen from H2O connects with Nitrogen in NH3.

Compare and contrast the types of chemical bonds. - Answers -✔✔

Explain why biological ionic compounds dissolve in water. - Answers -✔✔ water is
attracted to charged or polar compounds, and surrounds the individual molecules or
ions, separating from each other. Surrounds them with a hydrogen shell.

what are the six most common biological elements? Rank them in order of low to high
electronegativity. - Answers -✔✔ hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and then oxygen.

, Define bonding capacity and list from memory the bonding capacity of the most
common biological elements. - Answers -✔✔ The number of unpaired valence
electrons. Hydrogen (1e)= 1 bonding capacity.
Carbon (6e)= 4 bonding capacity.
Oxygen (8e)= 2 bonding capacity.

Explain how bonding capacity and electronegativity affect covalent bonding. - Answers -
✔✔ know.

Explain what determines whether a covalent bond will be polar or non polar. Find
examples of each . - Answers -✔✔ A covalent bond will be polar or non polar
depending on the amount of atoms of an element that it has. If there is an unequal
amount of atoms of a certain element, then it is polar because it spends more time on
one atom.
2 atoms of Hydrogen- non polar
2 atoms of Oxygen- Non polar.
Water (H2O)- Polar
Methane (CH4)- non polar

Define hydrogen bonding. Describe two properties of water that demonstrate hydrogen
bonding. - Answers -✔✔ weak interactions that form between that form btw the
hydrogen of a polar molecule like water (H2O) and the electronegative atom like
Ammonia. (NH3).

Describe what makes a molecule hydrophobic. Find examples. - Answers -✔✔ being a
non polar molecule makes a molecule be hydrophobic.

Define a biological acid and base. - Answers -✔✔ Acids are molecules that donate a
proton. Base is a molecule that accepts. proton.

What determines whether a solution is acidic or basic? - Answers -✔✔ their ph. Lower
ph= more acidic. Higher ph= more basic. Solutions that have extra protons are more
acidic meaning that they can donate protons. Solutions that are more basic have less
protons and are in a higher ph.

Describe what happens to protons when a biological acid or base is added to water.
How does this affect pH? - Answers -✔✔

List all seven functional group structures and names, and know which are polar, and
which might be charged. - Answers -✔✔

Describe the characteristics of all four types of biological macromolecules? Which are
polymers? - Answers -✔✔ 1. carbohydrates- the individual monomer is glucose (sugar)
POLYMER.
2. amino acids

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