Exam (elaborations)
NSG 554 exam 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2024/2025) (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
- Course
- NSG 554
- Institution
- Wilkes University
NSG 554 exam 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2024/2025) (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
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NSG 554 exam 41.Gynecomastia causes: -Aging
-Neonatal period, puberty (tall/overweight teenagers)
-Obesity
2.Hypothyroidism: -85% women
-May be due to failure or resection of the thyroid gland itself or
deficiency of pituitary TSH
3.Goiter: -May be present with thyroiditis, iodine deficiency, genetic
thyroid enzyme defects, drug goitrogens (lithium, iodine,
propylthiouracil or methimazole, sulfon- amides, amiodarone,
interferon-alpha, interferon-beta, interluekin-2, food goitro- gens in
iodine-deficient areas
* often absent in autoimmune thyroiditis
4.Hypothyroidism labs: Serum TSH - high in primary and low in
,secondary hy- pothyroidism
Elevated in Hashimoto thyoiditis
5.Hyperthyroidism labs: Serum TSH= suppressed except in TSH-
secreting pitu- itary tumor or pituitary hyperplasia (rare)
T3 uptake and scan= elevated, increased uptake
6.Subclinical hypothyroidism: Normal T4 with increased
TSH may or may not have symptoms
7.Hypothyroid Treatment: -Synthetic levothyroxine
-Average does 1.6mcg/kg/day
-Repeat TSH in 4-6 week after initiation
-TSH levels should be between 0.4-2
8.Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis): -Clinical manifestations of elevated T4
or T3
-Most common form is Graves Disease
9.Grave's Disease: -Most common cause of thyrotoxicosis
,-Autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland
-Increase in the synthesis & release of thyroid hormones
-More common in women
-Onset age 20-40
-Dietary iodine supplementation, chemotherapy can trigger
-Increased r/f systemic autoimmune dx including Sjogren, celiac,
pernicious anemia, Addison's, alopecia aerate, vitiligo, DM1,
hypoparathyriodism, myasthenia gravis, cardiomyopathy
10.Hyperthyroid examination findings: -Diffusely enlarged thyroid
-Frequent asymmetric and often with bruit
-Subacute: moderately enlarged/tender, dysphagia, jaw/ear pain
, -toxic multi nodular goiter: palpable nodules
-Silent thyroiditis: small nontender goiter
11.PALM-COEIN: -Polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy and
hyperplasia
-Coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, Not yet
classified
12.Abnormal premenstrual bleeding: Laboratory studies: -CBC,
pregnancy test, thyroid tests.
-Vaginal and urine samples for PCR or culture to r/o chlamydia
13.Vaginitis: -inflammation and infection of the vagina
-caused by a variety of pathogens, allergic reactions to contraceptives o
other products, vaginal atrophy, friction during coitus
-normal pH is 4.5 or less
14.Vaginitis: Clinical findings: -vaginal irritation, pain, unusual or
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