TEST BANK for Human Learning
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15
, CHAPTER,1
PERSPECTIVES,ON,LEARNING
Multiple,Choice,Questions
Human,beings,undoubtedly,learn,more,during,the,course,of,a,lifetime,than,any
,other,species,on,earth.,The,major,result,of,this,capacity,to,learn,is,that:
New,instincts,begin,to,emerge.
Human,thought,becomes,less,logical,with,each,generation.,H
umans,can,benefit,from,their,experiences.
Humans,are,the,only,species,whose,behavior,cannot,be,analyzed,in,ter
ms,of,stimuli,and,responses.
Three,of,the,following,are,examples,of,learning.,Which,one,is,not?
Abigail,cries,when,she,steps,on,a,sharp,pebble.
After,many,hours,of,heated,debate,,Brian,begins,to,advocate,po
litical,practices,he,has,previously,opposed.
Cara,suddenly,recognizes,how,the,division,fact,―24,’,4,=,6‖,is,related,to,t
he,multiplication,fact,―6,x,4,=,24.‖
David,has,been,running,away,from,German,shepherds,ever,since,he,wa
s,bitten,by,a,German,shepherd,two, years,ago.
Reynelda,has,trouble,tracing,a,complex,shape,with,a,pencil,when,she,is,in,kind
ergarten,,but,she,can,do,it,quite,well,by,the,time,she,is,in,second,grade.,Is,this,an,ins
tance,of,learning?
Yes,,because,her,behavior,has,changed.
No,,because,the,circumstances,are,too,dissimilar.
Maybe,,although,the,change,may,simply,be,due,to,ph
ysiological,maturation.
Maybe,,but,only,if,she,is,being,reinforced,for,tracing,accurately.
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, Chapter,1,–,Perspectives,on,Learning
Three,of,the,following,illustrate,various,ways,that,learning,might, be,reflected,in,
a,person‘s,behavior.,Which,one,of,the,following,changes,does,not,necessarily,reflec
t,learning?
Although,it‘s,a,school,night,,Dean,plays,video,games,until,well,past,his,usu
al,bedtime.,As,he,becomes,more,tired,,he,finds,it,increasingly,difficult,to,c
oncentrate,on,what,he‘s,doing.
Even,as,a,young,child,,Jerry,could,tell,you,that,his,grandparents,im
migrated,to,the,United,States,from,Ireland.,But,after,a,conversation,
with,his,grandmother,,he,can,now,describe,the,circumstances,of,the,
family‘s,immigration,in,considerable,detail.
Day,after,day,,Martin,practices,his,basketball,skills, (shooting,,dribbling,,et
c.),on,a,basketball,court,at,a,local,park.,With,each,practice,session,,his,mov
ements,become,faster,and,smoother.
Lewis,occasionally,asks,for,help,when,he,has,difficulty,with,his,classwor
k,,but,most,of,the,time,he,just,struggles,quietly,on,his,own.,After,his,teache
r,assures,him,that,asking,for,help,is,not,a,sign,of,weakness,or,inability,,he,b
egins,asking,for,help,much,more,frequently.
, research,examines,learning,in,tightly,controlled,settings,and
, research,examines,learning,in,real-world,settings.
Applied;,Basic,Basic
;,Qualitative,Qualitat
ive;,Applied,Basic;,A
pplied
A,principle,of,learning,can,best,be,characterized,as:
A,description,of,the,results,of,a,particular,research,study
A,statement,that,describes,how,a,particular,factor,affects,learning
The,measurement,of,how,much,learning,has,occurred,in,a,part
icular,situation
An,explanation,of,the,underlying,processes,through,which,learning,occurs
A,theory,of,learning,can,best,be,characterized,as:
A,description,of,the,results,of,a,particular,research,study
A,statement,that,describes,how,a,particular,factor,affects,learning
The,measurement,of,how,much,learning,has,occurred,in,a,part
icular,situation
An,explanation,of,the,underlying,processes,through,which,learning,occurs
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, Chapter,1,–,Perspectives,on,Learning
Three,of,the,following,are,principles,of,learning.,Which,one,is,a,theory
of,learning,rather,than,a,principle?
A,behavior,that,is,followed,by,punishment,decreases,in,frequency.
People,learn,by,making,mental,associations,between,new,information,an
d,their,existing,knowledge.
A,response,that,is,rewarded,every,time,it,occurs,increases,more,rap
idly,than,a,response,that,is,only,occasionally,rewarded.
Students,tend,to,remember,more,of,a,lecture,if,they,take,notes,on,the,le
cture‘s,content.
Which,one,of,the,following,common,sayings,best,reflects,the,concept,of,i
ntrospection?
―Where,there‘s,a,will,,there‘s,a,way.‖
―Nothing,ventured,,nothing,gained.‖
―A,penny,for,your,thoughts.‖
―Old,habits,die,hard.‖
Which,one,of,the,following,common,sayings,best,reflects,the,basic,pre
mise,underlying,social,learning,theory?
―Monkey,see,,monkey,do.‖
―Spare,the,rod,and,spoil,the,child.‖
―A,friend,in,need,is,a,friend,indeed.‖
―A,rolling,stone,gathers,no,moss.‖
Which,one,of,the,following,statements,provides,the,most,credible,explanati
on,for,the,fact,that,human,beings,seem,to,surpass,all,other,animal,species,in,the
ir,thinking,and,learning,capacities?
Only,human,beings,have,the,capability,to,make,tools.
Humans,communicate,regularly,with,one,another,and,,in,doing,so,,pa
ss,along,what,they‘ve,learned,to,future,generations.
Human,beings,have,a,huge,repertoire,of,instinctual,behaviors,from,w
hich,they,can,draw,when,they,encounter,new,experiences.
Human,brains,are,smaller,than,those,of,other,intelligent,species,(e.g.,,elep
hants,,dolphins),and,therefore,can,transmit,messages,more,quickly,and,eff
iciently.
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