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TEST BANK For Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition by Goolsby, All Chapters 1 to 22 complete Verified Solution|Grade A+$17.99
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TEST BANK For Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition by Goolsby, All Chapters 1 to 22 complete Verified Solution|Grade A+
TEST BANK For Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition by Goolsby, All Chapters 1 to 22 complete Verified Solution|Grade A+TEST BANK For Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition by Goolsby, All...
,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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Multiple Choice itju
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
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A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-
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care providers must be:
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A. Methodical and systematic it j u it j u
B. Attentive to the patient’s verbal and itju itju itju itju itju
nonverbal language it j u
C. Able to accurately interpret the patient’s itju itju it j u it j u itju
responses
D. Adept at reading into the patient’s itju itju itju itju itju
statements
3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
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A. Chief complaint it ju
B. History of the present illness itju it ju itju itju
C. Current vital signs it ju it j u
D. All of the above are essential history itju itju itju itju itju itju
components
4. Which of the following is false? While performing the itju itju itju itju itju itju itju itju
itju physical examination, the examiner must be able to:
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A. Differentiate between normal and it j u it j u it j u
abnormal findings it ju
B. Recall knowledge of a range of itju itju itju it ju itju
conditions itju
and their associated signs and symptoms itju itju itju itju it ju
C. Recognize how certain conditions affect itju it j u itju itju
the response to other conditions itju itju it ju itju
D. Foresee unpredictable findings it j u itju
5. The following is the least reliable source of information for
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itju diagnostic statistics: itju
A. Evidence-based investigations itju
B. Primary reports of research itju itju itju
C. Estimation based on a provider’s itju it ju itju it ju
experience
D. Published meta-analyses it j u
, 6. The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
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A. Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed itju itju it ju it j u
journal article it j u
B. Clinical practice guidelines itju it j u
C. Evidence-based research itju
D. All of the above itju itju itju
7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a:
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A. High percentage of persons with the itju itju itju itju itju
given itju
condition will have an abnormal result itju itju it j u itju it j u
B. Low percentage of persons with the itju itju itju itju itju
given itju
condition will have an abnormal result itju itju it j u itju it j u
C. Low likelihood of normal result in it j u it ju it ju itju itju
persons without a given condition itju itju itju itj u
D. None of the above itju itju itju
8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a:
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A. Low percentage of healthy individuals it j u it ju it ju it j u
will show a normal result itju itju itju itju
B. High percentage of healthy individuals it j u it j u it j u it j u
will show a normal result itju itju itju itju
C. High percentage of individuals with a itju itju itju itju itju
disorder will show a normal result itju itju itju itju itju
D. Low percentage of individuals with a itju itju itju itju itju
disorder will show an abnormal result itju itju it ju itju itju
9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
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A. Positive result is strongly associated it j u it j u it j u it j u
with it j u
the disease itju
B. Negative result is strongly associated it j u it j u it j u it j u
with it j u
absence of the disease itju itju itju
C. Positive result is weakly associated with it ju it j u it j u it j u it j u
the disease itju
D. Negative result is weakly associated it j u it j u it j u it j u
with it j u
absence of the disease itju itju itju
10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as
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itju evidence- based resource based on mathematical modeling to express the likelihood
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itju of a condition in select situations, settings, and/or patients?
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A. Clinical practice guideline itju it j u
B. Clinical decision rule itju it j u
C. Clinical algorithm itju
D. Clinical recommendation itju
Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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, Answer Section itju
MULTIPLE CHOICE itju
1. ANS: B i t j u i t j u
Croskerry (2009) describes two major types of clinical diagnostic decision-making:
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intuitive and analytical. Intuitive decision-making (similar to Augenblink decision-
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making) is based on the experience and intuition of the clinician and is less
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reliable and paired with fairly common errors. In contrast, analytical decision-
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making is based on careful consideration and has greater reliability with rare
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errors.
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PTS: 1
2. ANS: D i t j u i t j u
To obtain adequate history, providers must be well organized, attentive to the
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patient’s verbal and nonverbal language, and able to accurately interpret the patient’s
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responses to questions. Rather than reading into the patient’s statements, they clarify
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any areas of uncertainty.
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PTS: 1
3. ANS: C i t j u i t j u
Vital signs are part of the physical examination portion of patient assessment, not
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part of the health history.
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PTS: 1
4. ANS: D i t j u i t j u
While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to
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differentiate between normal and abnormal findings, recall knowledge of a range
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of conditions, including their associated signs and symptoms, recognize how
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certain conditions affect the response to other conditions, and distinguish the
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relevance of varied abnormal findings.
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PTS: 1
5. ANS: C i t j u i t j u
Sources for diagnostic statistics include textbooks, primary reports of research, and
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published meta-analyses. Another source of statistics, the one that has been most
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widely used and available for application to the reasoning process, is the estimation
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based on a provider’s experience, although these are rarely accurate. Over the past
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decade, the availability of evidence on which to base clinical reasoning is
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improving, and there is an increasing expectation that clinical reasoning be based on
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scientific evidence. Evidence- based statistics are also increasingly being used to
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