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NUSCTX 10 Midterm 3 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
NUSCTX 10 Midterm 3 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update
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nusctx 10 midterm 3 exam questions with 100 corre
overview of the digestion and absorption of vitami
lipid digestion and absorption
lipid transport from the small intestine
dietary factors that increa
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NUSCTX
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NUSCTX 10 Midterm 3 Exam Questions with
100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
Update
overviewiofitheidigestioniandiabsorptioniofivitaminsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
1.iallivitamins:idigestiveiprocessiinitheistomachibeginitheireleaseiofivita
minsifromifoodi
2.iallivitamins:idigestiveienzymesiproducedibyitheipancreasiandiinitheire
leaseiofivitaminsiandifoodi(firstiputiintoiformithatiisibioavailable)
3.ifatisolubleivitaminsionly:ibileiproducediinitheiliveri(andistorediinitheig
all-balder)iaidsiinifat-solubleivitaminiabsorptioni
4.ifatisolubleivitaminsionly:ifat-
solubleivitaminsiareiabsorbediinitheismalliintestine,ialongiwithidietaryif
atiandicarriedibyichylomicronsiintoitheilymphaticicirculationi(piggyibacki
onilipidsipackageditoigetithroughiaqueousienvironment)i
5.iwaters-solubleivitaminsionly:iwater-
solubleivitaminsiareiabsorbediinitheismalliintestineiandireleasedidirectl
yiintoitheibloodithroughihepaticiportalicirculationi(noispecialipackagingi
needed)
5.ivitaminiKionly:ismalliamountsiofiKiareimadeibyibacteriaiinitheiiliumiofi
theismalliintestineiandiinitheilargeiintestine
lipididigestioniandiabsorptioni-iCorrectiAnswer--
initheismalliintestine,itheiproductsiofifatidigestioniandibileiacidsiformimi
celles,iwhichimoveicloseienoughitoitheimicrovilliitoiallowilipidsitoidiffus
eiintoitheimucosalicells
,-
insideitheimucosalicells,ifattyiacidsiandimonoglyceridesiareireassemble
diintoitriglyceridesiandiincorporatediintoilipiditransportiparticles,iwhichi
enteritheilymph
lipoproteini-iCorrectiAnswer--
transportilipidsiandicholesteroliinitheibloodi
-
containsitriglyceridesiandifreeicholesterol,iprotein,iphospholipids,ichol
esterolibonditoifattyiacids
-vitaminiA:iputitogetheriasiaitriglyceridei(initheicore)i
-ifiyouihaveidiseaseilikeiceliacithatidoesn'tiallowiabsorptioniofilipidsi--
>iVitaminiAideficiencyiifiitsitieditoiabsorptioni
lipoproteinsi(lipidsiinitheibloodicirculation):i
-VLDL:ideliversifattyiacidsimadeibyiliver
-IDL:ideliversifattyiacidsimadeibyiliveri
-LDL:ideliveryioficholesteroli
-
HDL:ipickingiupi(scavenging)iexcessicholesterolifromicellsiforideliveryiba
ckitoitheiliveri
-Chylomicrons:ideliveryiofifattyiacids
lipiditransportifromitheismalliintestinei-iCorrectiAnswer-
1.ichylomicronsiformediinitheimucosalicellsipassifirstiintoitheilymph,iwhi
,chidrainsiintoitheiblood.iTheyicirculateiinitheiblood,ideliveringitriglyceri
desitoibodyicells.i
2.iTheienzymeilipoproteinilipaseiwhichiisipresentionitheisurfaceioficellsili
ningitheibloodivessels,ibreaksidownitheitriglyceridesiinichylomicronsiint
oifattyiacidsiandiglycerol.iTheseicanithenienteritheisurroundingicells.i
4.iVLDLsiareimadeiinitheiliverianditransportilipidsiawayifromitheiliver.iTh
eyifunctionisimilarlyitoichylomicronsibecauseibothiparticlesideliveritrigl
yceridesitoibodyicellsiwithitheihelpiofitheienzymeilipoproteinilipase
6.iToidelivericholesterol,iLDLiparticlesibinditoiLDLireceptorsiinitheicellime
mbrane.iThisiallowsitheiLDLiparticleitoienteritheicell,iwhereitheicholeste
roliandiothericomponentsicanibeiused.i
7.iHDLiparticlesipickiupicholesterolifromiotheri
lipoproteinsiandibodyicellsiandireturniititoitheiliver.iSomeiofithisicholest
eroliisibrokenidowniandisomeiisitransferreditoiorgansiwithihighirequire
mentsiforicholesterol,isuchiasithoseithatisynthesizeisteroidihormones.
ketonesi-iCorrectiAnswer--
usediforienergy:iconvertedibackitoiacetyliCoAiandienteriTCAicycle,ibraini
canirunionienergyifromiketonesibutican'tirunionlyioniketonesi(stillineedig
lucoseifromidietioribreakingidowniproteins),iandiketonesispareiprotein
-ketonesilostiiniurineiandibreathi(fruityibreath)
-inefficientiuseiofienergy
dietaryifactorsithatiincreaseiriskiassociatediwithifatiintakei-
iCorrectiAnswer--cholesteroli
-saturatedifat
, -transifat
-sodium
-excessienergy
-excessisugar
fatisolubleivitaminsi(FSV)i-iCorrectiAnswer--vitaminsiA,D,E,K
-hydrophobic/lipophilic
-storageiinicellsiassociatediwithifat
-riskiofitoxicityiisigreater
1.iFSVi+ifati+ibileiacidsi=imicelles
2.iAbsorbedibyienterocytesiiniSIiandipackagediintoichylomicrons
3.ichylomicronsiareicirculatedithroughilymph,ithenibloodibeforeireachin
githeiliver
4.istorediinifatioriattacheditoitransportiproteinitoicirculateiiniblood
RolesiofiVitaminiAiinitheibodyi-iCorrectiAnswer-
1.ivisioni(worksiatiDNAilevel)i
2.iSkin,itrachea,iepithelialidifferentiation,iimmuneifunction,ithymusilym
phoidiorgansi
3.ireproductionispermato-
genesisiandireproductioniembryonalidevelopment