Brain Development - answer-The brain continues to grow in early childhood, reaching 75 percent of its adult weight at age 2 and 90 percent by age 6
Brain maturation - answer-contributes to planning and analyzing, perseverance, imaginative and creative play, and egocentrism and lacking self-criti...
Developmental Psychology Module 3
Brain Development - answer-The brain continues to grow in early childhood, reaching 75 percent of its
adult weight at age 2 and 90 percent by age 6
Brain maturation - answer-contributes to planning and analyzing, perseverance, imaginative and
creative play, and egocentrism and lacking self-criticism
myelination - answer-The process by which axons become coated with myelin, enhances brain weight
and neuron speed.
Myelination of the crop callous helps with coordination of both sides of the body
Emotional development - answer-amygdala-A tiny brain structure that registers emotions, particularly
fear and anxiety.
hippocampus-A brain structure that is a central processor of memory, especially memory for locations
hypothalamus-A brain area that responds to the amygdala and the hippocampus to produce hormones
that activate other parts of the brain and body
Injury control - answer-three levels of prevention:
Primary Prevention- overall situation is structured to make harm less likely
Secondary Prevention- averting harm in high-risk areas
Tertiary Prevention- limiting damage after an injury has occurred
abuse - answer-Each year, about 3 million cases of child maltreatment are reported in the United States;
fewer than 1 million are substantiated, with rates decreasing in recent years
Piaget's Cognitive Development - answer-Preoperational Intelligence- abstract thoughts, lack in
reasoning. Can focus only on one thing (centration) and see things only from their own view- point
(egocentrism), remaining stuck on appearances and current reality. They may believe that living spirits
reside in inanimate objects, a belief called animism.
Symbolic thought- An accomplishment of preoperational intelligence that allows a child to think
symbolically, including understanding that words can refer to things not seen and that an item, such as a
flag, can symbolize something else (in this case, for instance, a country)
focus on appearance - answer-A characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child ignores
all attributes that are not apparent.
static reasoning - answer-A characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child thinks that
nothing changes. Whatever is now has always been and always will be.
irreversibility - answer-A characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child thinks that
nothing can be undone. A thing cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred.
Vygotsky's Theory - answer-Mentoring and thinking is shaped by what others wish for and goals are.
Stressed the social aspects of childhood cognition, noting that children learn by participating in various
experiences, guided by more knowledgeable adults or peers.
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