This researcher emphasized the role of the teacher and expert in learning. - answer-Vygotsky
This researcher was pessimistic about a child's abilities to learn by himself. - answer-Vygotsky
According to Vygotsky, in an ideal learning situation, adults give much assistance to young children ea...
PSYCH 140 MODULE 4 EXAM
This researcher emphasized the role of the teacher and expert in learning. - answer-Vygotsky
This researcher was pessimistic about a child's abilities to learn by himself. - answer-Vygotsky
According to Vygotsky, in an ideal learning situation, adults give much assistance to young children early
on. As the children become more competent, the adult begins to withdraw direct assistance. This
illustrates the zone of _______________. - answer-proximal
development
Which Piagetian substage occurs during the Preoperational stage: Secondary Circular Reactions,
Symbolic Function, or
Metacognition. - answer-Symbolic Function
Why do young children fail conservation tasks, according to Piaget? - answer-Centration
____________ according to Piaget, is the ability to understand that altering physical appearance does
not necessarily change the
amount of that substance. - answer-Conservation
Which theorist, Piaget or Vygotsky, thought that collaborative work with teachers or older peers is the
key to cognitive
development? - answer-Vygotsky
True or false? Gender constancy is similar to Piaget's idea of conservation. - answer-True
According to Piaget, ____________ are mental activities. - answer-Operations
Which theorist, Piaget or Vygotsky, thought that self-discovery was key to cognitive development? -
answer-Piaget
Which of the following accurately describes Discovery Learning? - answer-Children learn by actively
exploring—emphasis on hands- on learning.
Which of the following accurately describes Piaget's views on assimilation and accommodation? -
answer-Problem-solving skills must be discovered; they cannot be taught.
This researcher focused on how young children experiment on their world in order to learn about it. -
answer-Piaget
True or false? Myelination can impact the way that children think. - answer-True
Synaptic ____________ occurs when under-utilized synaptic connections die away. - answer-Pruning
The process by which neurons become insulated with a layer of fat cells is known as ____________. -
answer-Myelination
, True or false? Myelination can impact the way that children think. - answer-True
Gender ____________ theory states that children learn what society thinks about male- and female-
appropriate behaviors and that
they organize new information according to these models. - answer-Schema
True or false? Children in early childhood as well as elementary school tend to associate with children of
the same gender. - answer-True
Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the most negative long-term outcomes? -
answer-Neglectful
True or false? It is common for young children to engage in gender stereotyping. - answer-True
True or false? Neglect is not a form of child abuse. - answer-False
True or false? Researchers on gender and early childhood indicate that it's rare for children of this age
group to behave in very genderstereotypical ways. - answer-False
True or false? Children are not born with the ability to take another's perspective. - answer-True
Gender ____________ theory states that children learn what society thinks about male- and female-
appropriate behaviors and that they organize new information according to these models. - answer-
Schema
True or false? When children play pretend games with one another, they are showing a reduction in
egocentrism. - answer-True
Why is parallel play an example of egocentrism? - answer-Egocentrism refers to a problem with taking
another person's perspective or point of view, they are focused on their own play
rather than others. When they talk, its more so them talking at people versus with them.
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Why do modern researchers often find that young children are able to overcome some aspects of
egocentrism at younger ages than Piaget had thought? - answer-Mordern researchers often found that
young children where able to overcome some aspects of egocentrisim because they
believed that Piagets theory of the Mountain Task was hard, the children did not understand the logical
context and intent of
the experimenter, the materials piaget used where not unfamiliar, and the language was complicated.
Hence, the researchers
used easier models like the Policeman Doll Study and Turn Table Model that the children understood
easily. Also, the
materials used were familiar like in the turn table model where "Grover" the cartoon
character from "Seasame Street" was
introduced. Finally, the experiment was properly explained to the children and even when they did not
get it right it was
explained further and they were allowed to try again.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TOPDOCTOR. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
