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Summary - Advanced Immunology
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Notes of basic introduction of immunology and its types
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Difference between monoclonal and polyclonal antibodiesPolyclonal antibodies use different immune cells. They use the affinity of the same antigen of
the different epitopes. They have the affinity of the same antigen with different epitopes,
while monoclonal antibodies are made of identical immune cells that are all clones of the
specific parent cell.
What is the mononuclear phagocyte morphology? Monocytes are made of the bone
marrow, are type phagocytes and differentiate to macrophages where they can surround and
kill its microorganisms to remove dead cells.
Innate immunity: protects against infection that relies on mechanisms that are capable of a
rapid response to microbes and reacts essentially the same way for repeated infections. The
innate immune system includes- epithelial barriers, phagocytic cells and NK cells
Adaptive immune system- on the other hand it has the renewing of the information of the
adaptive immune system.
, What is the difference between B and T cell lymphocytes? They both have receptors
which recognise specific components. The immune system has evolved to respond to
different types of pathogens.
Natural Killer cells: Cytotoxic lymphocytes lack the phenotypic markers of the T cells.They
contain cytoplasmic granules that contain granzymes (serine protease), contain cytoplasmic
granules that are large and granular lymphocytes and are able to kill virally infected cells that
contain certain sensitive tumour cells. There are at least two types of adaptive immunity:
humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
Lymphocyte- classes are made in different parts such as T- lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+,
B lymphocytes and natural killer cells which kill the virus infected cells; Ab dependent cellular
toxicity.
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