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GIS Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers |100% Pass Geospatial Technology - Answer-Geospatial technology is a collective term used to describe the integrated use of geographic information systems,remote sensing, global navigation satellite systems, digital cartography and Internet mapping. Wh...

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  • October 5, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024




GIS Exam 1 Practice Questions and
Answers |100% Pass

Geospatial Technology - Answer✔✔-Geospatial technology is a collective term used to describe the

integrated use of geographic information systems,remote sensing, global navigation satellite systems,

digital cartography and Internet mapping.


What is GIS? - Answer✔✔--definition: A geographic information system is a computer system* designed

to manage and analyze spatial


data, where spatial data can be any data that are tied to places or geographic coordinates.


*the five components of a computer system include:


--1) hardware, 2) software, 3) data, 4) people, and 5) work flow procedures


-to manage and analyze spatial data, a GIS has six major functions.


--GIS software provides users with the ability to: 1) capture, 2) store, 3) manipulate, 4) query,


--5) analyze and 6) display spatial data (know these six main functions).


Origins of GIS - Answer✔✔--the Canadian Geographic Information System (CGIS) was the first

operational GIS


--developed in the early 1960's, the era of mainframe computers


--the system was designed to inventory land use and assist in the management of natural resources


--Roger Tomlinson is considered the "father of GIS" for his role in the development of the CGIS

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,EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024


Esri Software History - Answer✔✔--in this class we will use GIS software products developed by Esri


--original name: Environmental Systems Research Institute


--then the company became known as ESRI and now the name is simply Esri


--Esri is a privately owned software company owned by Jack and Laura Dangermond


--headquarters located in Redlands, California - regional offices throughout the U.S. and the world


ARC/INFO - Answer✔✔-- prior to the summer of 2001 ESRI had two main software products


--ARC/INFO - a professional GIS originally developed in the 1970's


---a command-line software package - very powerful but difficult to use


ArcView - Answer✔✔-ArcView - a desktop GIS developed in the 1990's


--original version was developed as a viewer (for data analyzed in ARC/INFO)


--throughout the 1990's ArcView evolved into a fairly powerful desktop GIS


--the software was easy to use and had a nice graphical user interface


ArcGIS - Answer✔✔--in the summer 2001 - ESRI introduced ArcGIS (a suite of GIS software programs)


--ArcGIS consists of two application programs: ArcMap and ArcCatalog


--ArcMap is used for data analysis and to create map products- ArcCatalog is used for file management


- ArcGIS can be licensed at three levels with increasing functionality


- the three license levels of ArcGIS 10 are called Basic, Standard, and Advanced


- as you move from Basic to Standard to Advanced, the software includes more tools (functionality)

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, EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024


- main advantage: user interface is the same across the Basic, Standard, and Advanced versions


- there are also dozens of extensions available for core ArcGIS software


- some of the extensions are licensed and some are free


- some common extensions include: Spatial Analyst, Network Analyst, 3D Analyst, etc


- these extensions add specialized tools (functionality) to the core software


How does a GIS work? - Answer✔✔-- a GIS operates on the premise that all of the features in the real

world can be represented by:


--points (e.g. wells, landmarks, cities on a world map)


--lines (e.g. roads, rivers, pipelines, transmission lines)


--polygons (e.g. soils, vegetation types, land-use parcels, counties, states)


--surfaces (e.g. elevation, temperature, barometric pressure)


---note: how features are represented (as points, lines or polygons) depends upon the scale of the map


---also note that digital airborne or satellite imagery can be added in ArcMap to help visualize features


- these point, line, polygon and surface features are organized into logical layers (e.g. a roads layer, a soils

layer)


- and these layers (each representing a particular feature type) can be overlaid to map spatial

relationships


- this overlay process is the essence of digital cartography - but a GIS is much more...


- in a GIS the point, line and polygon layers are associated with an attribute table

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