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NURS 8024 Module 4 Exam 48 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT
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NURS 8024 Module 4 Exam 48 Questions with Verified Answers
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NURS 8024 Module 4 Exam 48 Questions with VerifiedAnswers
Diltiazem - CORRECT ANSWER CCB, nondihydropyridine
MOA: decreased HR, slows AV conduction
decreased cardiac contractility (negative inotrope) and O2 demand
also Rx for coronary artery spasm (vasospastic angina)
ADEs: peripheral edema, hypoT, bradyC, constipation
works less effectively than verapamil
Diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER agents that increase urine volume
numerous mechanisms of action
Thiazide Diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER MOA: inhibits Na reabsorption in distal
tubules, increases excretion of Na, K, and H2O
initially decreases BP via lowering plasma volume; with LT use, causes decreased
peripheral vascular resistance
Indications: mild to moderate HTN, HF
E.g. hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, metolazone
ADEs: decreased K, Mg, Na; increased Ca, uric acid, glucose, LDL, triglycerides;
rash, photosensitivity, hypovolemia, weakness, fatigue, paresthesia
Contraindications: renal failure, hepatic cirrhosis
, Notes: monitor RFTs, F&E, orthostatic hypoT, take in AM, daily wts
Loop Diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER MOA: selectively inhibit NaCl reabsorption in
the ascending loop of Henle
!!! most effective diuretic agent !!!
Indications: HF, acute pulmonary edema, acute hyperCa, hyperK
E.g. furosemide, torsemide, ethacrynic acid, bumetanide
ADEs: ototoxicity, hyperuricemia, hypoMg, severe hypovolemia, hypoK, hypoT,
allergic rxns (eosinophilia, interstitial nephritis, rash)
Contraindications: possible cross-reactivity in pts sensitivie or allergic to
sulfonamides
Notes: monitor BP, F&E, daily wts
Potassium Sparing Diuretics (Aldosterone Antagonists) - CORRECT ANSWER MOA:
prevents K secretion and Na absorption by antagonizing the effects of aldosterone
in collecting tubules
Indications: diuresis, HF, hepatic cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome,
hyperaldosteronism
E.g. spironolactone, eplerenone
ADEs: hyperK, gynecomastia, kidney stones, acute renal failure, hyperchloremic
metabolic acidosis
Contraindications: chronic renal insufficiency, caution with use of ACEIs-ARBs-BBs
Notes: often used in combo with loop or thiazide diuretics to blunt K losses
Potassium Sparing Diuretics - CORRECT ANSWER MOA: inhibits Na reabsorption at
the distal convoluted tubule (not dependent on presence of aldosterone)
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