PSCI 1050 final review
a consistent increase in the general level of prices - ANS-inflation
a contributory welfare program into which working Americans contribute a percentage of their
wages and from which they receive cash benefits after retirement - ANS-Social Security
a federal and state program financing medical services to low-income people, page 401 -
ANS-Medicaid
a federally and state-financed program for children living with parents or relatives who fell below
state standards of need; replaced in 1996 by TANF, page 400 - ANS-Aid to Families with
Dependent Children (AFDC)
a federally and state-financed, state-operated program providing medical services to
low-income people - ANS-Medicaid
a form of national health insurance for the elderly and the disabled - ANS-Medicare
a law, rule, statute, or edict that expresses the government's goals and provides for rewards and
punishments to promote those goals' attainment - ANS-public policy
a legal obligation of the federal government to provide payments to individuals, or groups of
individuals, according to eligibility criteria or benefit rules - ANS-entitlement
a national welfare program passed in 1972 that provides assistance to low-income elderly or
disabled individuals; replaced the federal-state programs that had offered assistance to the
blind, the permanently and totally disabled, and the aged, page 401 - ANS-Supplemental
Security Income (SSI)
a policy designed to curtail the political and military expansion of a hostile power -
ANS-containment
a policy of reducing or eliminating regulatory restraints on the conduct of individuals or private
institutions - ANS-deregulation
a policy whose objective is to tax or spend in such a way as to reduce the disparities of wealth
between the lowest and the highest income brackets - ANS-redistribution
a procedure by which potential beneficiaries of a public-assistance program establish their
eligibility by demonstrating a genuine need for the assistance - ANS-means testing
, a single firm in a market that controls all the goods and services of that market; absence of
competition - ANS-monopoly
a system of 12 Federal Reserve banks that facilitates exchanges of cash, checks, and credit;
regulates member banks; and uses monetary policies to fight inflation and deflation -
ANS-Federal Reserve System
a tax on imported goods - ANS-tariff
a welfare program passed in 1996 to provide temporary assistance to families with needy
children; replacing the AFDdC program, TANF sought to make poor families self-sufficient and
to give states greater flexibility in setting benefit levels, eligibility requirements, and other
program details, page 403 - ANS-Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
a widely shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents
and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential - ANS-equality of opportunity
amount by which government spending exceeds government revenue in a fiscal year -
ANS-budget deficit
an agreement, made between the president and another country, that has the force of a treaty
but does not require the Senate's "advice and consent - ANS-executive agreement
an economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and
operated for profit with minimal or no government interference - ANS-laissez-faire capitalism
an economic theory that posits that reducing the marginal rate of taxation will create a
productive economy by promoting levels of work and investment that would otherwise be
discouraged by higher taxes - ANS-supply-side economics
an institution established in 1944 that provides loans and facilitates international monetary
exchange - ANS-International Monetary Fund (IMF)
an organization of nations founded in 1945 to be a channel for negotiation and a means of
settling international disputes peaceably. The UN has had frequent successes in providing a
forum for negotiation and, on some occasions, a means of preventing international conflicts
from spreading. On a number of occasions, the UN has been a convenient cover for U.S.
foreign policy goals - ANS-United Nations (UN)
an organization, comprising the United States, Canada, and most of Western Europe, formed in
1948 to counter the perceived threat from the Soviet Union - ANS-North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
avoidance of involvement in the affairs of other nations - ANS-isolationism
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