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Nurs 1290 Exam 1 MD EDITION) QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2024

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10/6/24, 2:55 PM

Nurs 1290 Exam 1
Jeremiah

Terms in this set (82)

skills were learned through trial and error and passed from one generation to
another
folk image of nursing presents nurse as "caring" individual who uses common sense to help sick people
primary responsibilities = nourishing and nurturing children, caring for older adults,
and caring for aging family members

groups were organized in conjunction with churches in the christian era
crusades witnesses founding of military nursing orders - nurses in this setting were
expected to devote their lives to caring and exhibit selfless commitment based on
religious image of nursing
religious faith
primary concern = focus on care for sick people, poor people, orphans, widows,
older adults, slaves and prisoners

reformation (germany, 1517) brought a change in the role of women - limiting them to
the confines of the home
duties = bearing children and caring for the home
hospital care - regulated to uncommon women (prisoners, prostitutes, and drunks
servant image of nursing who had no status)
treated as servants who did distasteful tasks
began "dark ages" of nursing
greatly influenced development of nursing as a profession, as many capable and
desirable people were unwilling to enter nursing due to this image

founder of modern nursing
reformer of hospital sanitation methods
Florence Nightingale focused on providing cleanliness, wholesome food, fresh air and separating people
from garbage and sewage in living environment and hospital
created a school of nursing at the St. Thomas hospital in London

reflected in the innovations put into practice during heat of battle and in response to
the needs of the soldiers and veterans
american revolution = development of dispensaries
military influence
civil war = invention of influences and instrumental in development of nursing
Spanish-American war = Red Cross formation, army and nay nursing corps
korean and Vietnam wars = many developments in triage and surgery

Nightingale's definition of nursing one that would put the client in the best condition for nature to act upon him

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Defined nursing in interpersonal terms, reinforcing the idea of the patient as an
Hildegard Peplau (1952)
active collaborator in his or her care

Faye Abdellah (1960) Twenty-one nursing problems. Client-centered interventions.

The purpose of nursing is to support and meet patients' needs for help. Nursing is a
Ernestine Weidenbach (1964)
helping art.

The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the
performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful
Virginia Henderson (1966) death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or
knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly
as possible

Conservation model, published in 1973; designed to promote adaptation of the
Myra Levine (1969)
person while maintaining wholeness or health

Ida Jean Orlando-Pelletier (1972) Nursing Process Theory

Jean Watson (1979-1988) Theory of Caring

Self care deficit model. restoring the clients self care capability to enable him or her
Dorothy Orem (1980)
to sustain structural reliability, performance, and growth through purposeful nursing.

Nursing problems arise when there are disturbances in the system or subsystem, or
Dorothy E. Johnson (1980) the level of behavioral functioning is below an optimal level. Nursing interventions
are designed to support/maintain health, educate, counsel, and modify behavior.

Imogene M. King (1981) Open systems approach

The individual continually interacts with the environment and participates in
maintaining health. Health is a continual, open process (rather than an absence of
Rosemarie Parse (1981)
illness), with nursing care planned based on the patient's perspective of health and
care.

Systems model: wellness-illness continuum; promotes the nurse as the agent in
Betty Neuman (1982) assisting the client in adapting to and therefore reducing stressors; supports the
notion of prevention through appropriate intervention.

humans are biopsychosocial beings existing within an environment; needs are
Sister Callista Roy (1984) created within interrelated adaptive modes; nursing interventions are required when
individuals demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses

Science of unitary human beings: energy fields, openness, pattern, and organization;
Martha E. Rogers (1984) nurse promotes synchronicity between human beings and their universe or
environment.

Katharine Y. Kolcaba (1992) Holistic theory of comfort

Sharon Van Shelf and Ioannis Kalofissudis Complexity integration nursing theory
(2010)

Lydia Hall (1966) Care, Core, Cure Model

Madeleine Leininger (1991) Transcultural Nursing Theory

Possession of a body of specialized borrows from biological sciences, social sciences, and medical sciences and
knowledge combines various skills and concepts

use of scientific method to enlarge the evidence-based practice and evidence-based education
body of knowledge

education within institutions of higher moved from hospitals to colleges and universities
education

control of professional policy, professional policies, protocols, standards of practice and evaluative measures
activity, and autonomy

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