CCHT EXAM TEST QUESSTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. What is an infection?: An invasion of body tissue by organisms that are invisible
to the eye.
2. Dialysis surfaces must be disinfected with what solution?: 1:100 bleach
solution
3. Large blood spills over 10ml must be disinfected with what sol...
1. What is an infection?: An invasion of body tissue by organisms that are invisible
to the eye.
2. Dialysis surfaces must be disinfected with what solution?: 1:100 bleach
solution
3. Large blood spills over 10ml must be disinfected with what solution?: 1:10
bleach solution
4. What is Aseptic technique?: Practices and procedures performed under care-
fully controlled conditions. Minimizing contamination by pathogens.
5. When sterile meets sterile..: It remains sterile
6. When sterile meets clean..: It becomes clean
7. When sterile or clean meet dirty..: It becomes dirty
8. PPE: Personal Protective Equipment. Full face shield or mask, eyewear with full
side shield, and fluid-resistant gowns and gloves.
9. 3 blood borne pathogens that may be found in a dialysis unit: Hepatitis B,
Hepatitis C, and HIV
10. What is an exposure incident?: A bloody/body fluid splash/spray occurring to
the eyes nose or mouth, or non-intact skin.
11. What steps should you take if you have been exposed to the fluids?: -
Wash/rinse immediately. Report to CM. Seek medical treatment.
12. What is hepatitis?: Inflammation of the liver due to various causes
13. How can the viral form of hepatitis be spread?: Hep A- via contaminated food
and the oral-fecal route
Hep B & C- via exposure to blood/body fluids
14. Why are patients with Hep B dialyzed in isolation room?: Extremely conta-
gious, lives outside the body for extended periods. (up to 7 days)
15. Why do we dialyze Hep C patients in the clinical area?: Not as contagious
as Hep B. HCV is not known to survive very long outside the body
16. What blood test indicates infection with Hep B?: HbsAg test for Hep B
antigen, indicates actual viral presence.
17. What blood test indicates the presence of immunity against Hep B?: HbsAb
test for antibodies, indicates immunity against Hep B
18. Which vaccine provides long-term immunity to Hep B?: Series of multiple
injections of either Recombivax or Engerix
19. Positive Tuberculin skin test, or exposure to TB: Patients with active TB are
contagious.
20. How is Tuberculosis spread?: Droplet of nuclei produced from infected individ-
uals when they cough, sneeze, speak, or sing
, CCHT EXAM TEST QUESSTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
21. How do you prevent TB in a dialysis clinic?: Patients who have active TB
cannot dialyze in a hemodialysis clinic. 3 consecutive (-) sputum cultures before
returning to the clinic
22. What is VRE (Vancomycin-resistant enterococci)?: Gram negative,
round-shaped bacteria that commonly live in the intestinal tract. Can cause infection
anywhere in the body, an resistant to several antibiotics.
23. What is MRSA (Methicillian-resistant Staphlyococcus Aureus): "Staph".
Normally found on the skin or in the nose. Harmless until they enter the body through
a cut or other wound
24. What precautions should you take when caring for MRSA/VRE?: PPE, hand
sanitation before next task, dedicated gown should be worn. CVC dressings should
be disposed of in red BIO. DO NOT need isolation. Hands should be washed for
40-60 seconds.
25. What is C-Diff?: Clostridium difficile, hand washing is required.
26. Why is hand hygiene important?: Single most important infection control
measure to prevent the spread of infection.
27. What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine
flow?: 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, and 1 urethra
28. What are the functions of a healthy kidney?: Removal of waste products
(creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
29. What is urea?: By-product of protein metabolism
30. What is creatinine?: By-product of muscle metabolism
31. Uric acid: Naturally in the body, as a result of the metabolism of purine (muscle
protein) that enters the body through dietary intake.
32. What are the hormonal functions of the kidneys?: Production of renin to help
regulate/control BP, production of erythropoietin (stimulates RBC production), and
regulation of calcium/phosphorus balance through the activation of Vit D.
33. What is the nephron?: Functional unit of the kidney. Tubular structure, filters
blood to form urine.
34. What is the glomerulus?: Network of capillaries that performs the first step of
filtering blood. Filters water and solutes into Bowman's capsule.
35. What are the hormones secreted by the kidney?: Renin and Erythropoietin
36. Which of the functions of healthy kidneys can be replaced by dialysis?: -
Removal of waste products and regulation of fluid balance.
37. What is the function of renin?: Hormone produced by the kidneys to regulate
blood pressure, and on sodium and potassium balance.
38. What is the function of erythropoietin?: Stimulates the bone marrow to pro-
duce RBC.
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