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Summary - Unit 8 - Nuclear and Particle Physics $3.87
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Summary - Unit 8 - Nuclear and Particle Physics

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A complete summary of edexcel a level physics ’particle physics’ notes, handwritten by an A* physics student (2024), with definitions and diagrams. These notes are a combination of my teachers, physics and maths tutors and further reading to form a complete set of thorough notes.

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  • October 6, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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BGIBSGS
atomic/proton
12 xpoxoTo
number

·


mass/nucleon number sm


plum pudding model rutherford's model Bohr's model


negative dense s - electrons in


positive
S




- spots
·
positive


energy
levels


dough Centre




alpha scattering :




"x i
observations and conclusions :




must particles passed miner
straight through
·




>
-
mostly empty space
·

flected by small (198%
a angles
-
concentrated at the centre
charge
>
-
nucleus' small compared to atom



(deflected >90 %
·
scattered
trynumber by
a small


-
nucleus
positively charged
>
-
nucleus dense (mass concentrated) metal heated until free electrons
very

gain enough energy to be emitted




G
cathode tube
ray




Sections
(
released from cathode


surface by muermionic
emission

electrons attracted positive anode
·

to

>
-
accelerated
by electric field

deflecting
·



coils generate magnetic
field

, conservation
E mc
:
of mass-energy =




particle accelerators :



>
- >
synchrotron
-


Linac cyclotion vacuum chamber




y#
Linac ~




Ion source drift tubes particles accelerate between tubes RF oscillator

·
tubes oppositely charged
·
is fixed (T is fixed) tube length increase
frequency of supply must
:



·
accelerated electric fields !
by
particle)
·
LIMITATION :
Length (limits energy of




alternating
·
electric




·
field between dees

-
accelerates particle
particle
·

magnetic field curves path of


advantages
:



>
-
compact
r uses
components more than once


·

disadvantages :



-
max speed 10*ms") : limits energy
of page



deriving formulas
:




F

Bm
=
ma




reason
-r =
particle path is
&
spiral (rcv)
,time
a

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