Summary
Summary Biol 216 Gas Exchange Notes
- Course
- Biol216
- Institution
- Case Western Reserve University
This is a comprehensive and detailed note on gas exchange for Biol 216. *Essential Study Material!!
[Show more]
Content preview
Unit 9: Gas ExchangeVideo #1: Gas Exchange Overview
Respiration: involves 2 systems: circulatory and respiratory
1. Ventilation = air or water flow through specialized tissue
2. Gas exchange = across respiratory membrane (gas diffusion)
3. Circulation = Oxygen diffused to cells which need it; Carbon dioxide is removed (this
occurs because of a diffusion gradient which is due to partial pressures of oxygen and
carbon dioxide)
4. Cellular respiration = cell breathes Oxygen and removes carbon dioxide (waste) in order
to generate ATP
Video #2: Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Air and Water
Pressure:
- Atmospheric pressure (at level) = 760mmHg
- Dalton’s Law = total atmospheric pressure determined by partial pressures of N2, O2,
CO2…(Partial pressure = total pressureXpercentage)
- Pressure decreases as elevation increases but percent composition does not change
(density decrease)
Partial pressure gradient = difference in pressure between two regions allows for movement
- Oxygen moves from lungs to blood
- Carbon dioxide moves from blood into lungs
,Water versus air:
- Water holds less oxygen than air
- Water is much more dense than air.
Characteristics of O2 and CO2 in water and air:
1. Gases vary in their solubility in water
a. CO2>O2>N2
b. Oxygen is bound to hemoglobin
c. Henry’s Law = solubility of gas in a liquid is directly proportional to partial
pressure of that gas above the liquid (higher partial pressure, more soluble)
2. Temperature:
a. Warmer water holds less dissolved gas
3. Dissolved Solutes:
a. Water with more solutes can hold less dissolved gas
Video #3: Aquatic Respiration
Ventilation occurs across gills or through lungs:
- Internal gills = protected by external environment by operculum
- External gills = exposed to environment
Countercurrent Exchange System:
- Fluid flowing in opposite directions of parallel running tubes
- Exchange if there is a difference in solute or temperature, moves down tubes
- Testes: blood from testicular artery is warmer and transfers heat to venous blood
- Fish Gill:
- Water ventalites across gill bringing oxygen
, - Gill contains gill arch and gill filament (highly vascularized tissue where gas
exchange occurs)
- Blood flows in opposite direction of the water
- Blood is at lower concentration of oxygen than water establishing a partial
pressure gradient: higher partial pressure of oxygen in water than blood causing
oxygen to flow from water into blood.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller anyiamgeorge19. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76800 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now