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560H DEVELOPMENT NUTRITION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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560H DEVELOPMENT NUTRITION EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following foods is unsafe for infant feeding?
a. Popcorn
b. Peanuts
c. Raisins
d. All of these are unsafe - ANSWER d. All of these are unsafe
Define medium-chain fatty acids.
a. Have less than 6 carbon atoms.
b. Have 12 or more carbon atoms.
c. Have 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
d. Have 6 to 12 carbon atoms. - ANSWER d. Have 6 to 12 carbon
atoms.
Which of the following is true of pre-term infants?
a. Born after 37 weeks of gestation.
b. Born at 37 weeks of gestation.
c. Born before 37 weeks of gestation.
d. Both b. and c. - ANSWER c. Born before 37 weeks of gestation.
Which of the following herbal teas are considered safe during lactation?
a. Peppermint
b. Raspberry
c. Rose hips
d. All of these are considered safe - ANSWER d. All of these are
considered safe
Use of which of the following herbs will reduce milk flow?
a. Castor bean
b. Jasmine flower
c. Sage
d. All of these reduce milk flow - ANSWER d. All of these reduce milk
flow
,What are the physiological effects of estrogen? - ANSWER Stimulates
release of GnRH in follicular phase and inhibits in luteal phase;
stimulates thickening of uterine wall during menstrual cycle
What are the physiological effects of progesterone? - ANSWER
"Progestational": prepares uterus for fertilized ovum and to maintain a
pregnancy; stimulates uterine lining buildup during menstrual cycle;
helps stimulate cell division of fertilized ova; inhibits action of
testosterone
Which of the following is an effect of nutrient deficiencies during the
perinatal period?
A. Birth of small and frail infants who have a high likelihood of death in
the first year of life
B. Genetic defects
C. Decrease in fertility
D. Delayed time to conception - ANSWER A, C, D
What are the effects of supplementation during preconception? -
ANSWER Lower risk of ovulatory infertility and better pregnancy
outcomes
What is the effect of alcohol on pregnancy? - ANSWER Decreases
fertility by decreasing estrogen and testosterone levels and by disrupting
menstrual cycles and testicular functions; impaired fetal growth and
development
What are the symptoms of PMS? - ANSWER Fatigue, Abdominal
bloating, Swelling of the
hands or feet, Headache, Tender breasts, Nausea, Craving for sweet or
salty foods, Depression, Irritability, Mood swings, Anxiety, Social
withdrawal
What are the symptoms of PCOS? - ANSWER insulin resistance, high
blood insulin and testosterone levels, obesity, polycystic ovaries,
menstrual dysfunction, amenorrhea, infertility, hirsutism, and acne
, What are the 3 major conditions of the female athlete triad? - ANSWER
Amenorrhea, disordered eating, and osteoporosis
What is the effect of high blood glucose levels in the first 2 months of
pregnancy? - ANSWER It is teratogenic and significantly increases the
risk of congenital abnormalities in newborns
What are the in utero stages of development? - ANSWER Embryo: 0-8
weeks
Fetus: 8-40 weeks
What is the rate of miscarriages? - ANSWER 30% of implanted embryos
are lost, and 1/3 of these are identified as miscarriages
What are the normal changes in maternal physiology during pregnancy?
- ANSWER Maternal plasma volume expands, maternal nutrient stores
accumulate, placental weight increases, uterine blood flow increases,
fetal weight increases
What occurs physiologically in the first half of pregnancy? - ANSWER
Maternal anabolic changes, which build the capacity of the mother's
body to deliver relatively large quantities of blood, oxygen, and nutrients
to the fetus in the second half of pregnancy
What occurs physiologically in the second half of pregnancy? -
ANSWER Maternal catabolic changes, in which energy and nutrient
stores, and the heightened capacity to deliver stored energy and
nutrients to the fetus, predominate
What are the functions of the placenta? - ANSWER Hormone & enzyme
production, nutrient & gas exchange between mother & fetus, removal of
waste products from the fetus
What are the recommendations for weight gain during pregnancy? -
ANSWER Underweight 28-40 lbs
Normal weight 25-35 lbs
Overweight 15-25 lbs
Obese 11-20 lbs
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