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FSC100 Exam Review: Questions & Solutions (Expert Verified)
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FSC100 Exam Review: Questions & Solutions (Expert Verified)
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FSC100 Exam Review: Questions & Solutions (ExpertVerified)
Forensic biology incorporates related areas of Right Ans - - Bodily fluid
identification (serology)
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis
Serology Right Ans - -Techniques are used to screen evidence items for the
prescience and type of body fluid disposition
- analyses and targets a the biochemicals and cells that define distinctive
functional characteristics of different body fluids: hemoglobin in blood and
spermatozoa in semen
Deoxyribonucleic acid Right Ans - genetic information that dictates the
firm and development of an organism. A molecule found in almost all human
cells
DNA is the genetic blueprint of: Right Ans - Life
Each strand of the helix is composed of: Right Ans - long chains of
nucleotides, composedof a phosphate group, a type of sugar called deoyribose,
and one of four nitrogen-containing bases
4 bases of DNA Right Ans - Adenine(A), Thymine(T), Guanine(G),
Cytosine(C)`
What 2 subunits form base pairs(BP) Right Ans - - Adenine(A) with
Thymine(T)
- Guanine(G) with Cytosine(C)
Strands of DNA form codes of: Right Ans - proteins (genes) that provide
genetic information in the organism, like hair color, height, hair texture and
skin
Human DNA contain approx.: Right Ans - 3 billion total number of base
pairs
Chromosomes Right Ans - structures carrying molecular strands of DNA
,Genome Right Ans - one cell collection of chromosomes
Humans inherit: Right Ans - a genome of 23 chromosomes from each
parent for a total of 46.
Rosalind Franklin Right Ans - - died at 36
- contributions to understanding DNA, including RNA viruses coal and
graphite
- found being female is significant as oppurtunities were limited to women
chemical structure of DNA similarly to all cellular organisms.
First DNA case Right Ans - - Narborough England
- rape and murder of 2, 15yo girls
- in ealry 1980, Dr Jeffery's lab produced first "restricition fragment Length
polymorphism" = RFLP
Dr Alec Jeffery Right Ans - - Studied at Leicester University - England
- studying DNA variations and the evolution of gene families
- his interest and goal was to develop markers (a type of identification tag) to
track the position of these genes
RFLP Right Ans - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
- Created 1980 in Dr. Jeffery's lab
- a molecular method of genetic analysis that allows individuals to be
identified based on unique patterns of restriction enzyme cutting in specific
regions of DNA
1984 Right Ans - Jefferys developed and used the first DNA tests to be
applied to a criminal case
DNA Fingerprinting Right Ans - - first-generation typing system made by
Dr.Jefferys.
- this method looks at sections of DNA located in different regions on different
chromosomes
- multilocus typing system
DNA typing Right Ans - describes the system of assessing variations in
sections of DNA for analysis
, DNA profiling Right Ans - the second generation typing system (a more
recent development) that looks at one area- a single locus- on a single
chromosome. this is the method now in use for forensic analysis
DNA profile Right Ans - most simply viewed as a set of numbers
representing the DNA 'variants' as target locations
DNA locations Right Ans - also known as 'Loci' and are the genetic
equivalents of addresses or postal codes
genetic differences at loci are: Right Ans - variants or alleles
STR analysis Right Ans - a method of DNA profiling that compares the
lengths of STR sequences at specific sites in the genome
Regions with repeats of nine to eighty base pairs are referred to as: Right
Ans - variable number tandem repeats
Regions containing 2 to 5 base pair repeats are: Right Ans - short tandem
repeats
today robotics use ____________ technologies that openbiological cells,
selectively bind DNA to magnetic beads, and then wash off the non-DNA
components, leaving the purified DNA for further analysis Right Ans -
solid-phase
DNA standards and protocols Right Ans - - introduced in 1988
- arguments by scientists over practical applications and statistical
calculations
- 1990s saw rapid increase in acceptance and usage
- by 1994, typing was firmly established from use in forensic investigations
CODIS Right Ans - - The DNA database (FBI - textbook)
- a database that stores DNA profiles of convicted individuals.
Double indexing system of DNA profiles Right Ans - - convicted offender
index (contains sex offenders and other violent crimes)
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