General Psychology Exam 1 (Chapters 1-
4) with Questions and 100% Correct
Verified Answers| Latest Update
What are experimental and control groups? - Answer The experimental group receives
some special treatment in regard to the independent variable and the control group
doesn't
Independent variable, dependent variable, and the extraneous variable - Answer
Independent variable - A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to
see its impact on another variable
Dependent variable - The variable that is thought to be affected by manipulation of the
independent variable
Extraneous variable - Any variable other than the independent variables that seem
likely to influence the dependent variable in a specific study
Variations in designing experiments - Answer Sometimes there's an advantage to use
only one group of subjects who serve as their own control group
It is possible to manipulate more than one independent variable in a single experiment
It is also possible to use more than one dependent variable in a single study
,Advantages and Disadvantages of Experimental Research - Answer Advantages - Permits
conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships between variables
Disadvantages - Experiments are often artificial, the experimental method can't be
used to explore some research questions, manipulations of variables are difficult or
impossible
Experimental vs. Descriptive research - Answer Experimental - a fixed experiment
Descriptive - Data collected from the real world
What does it mean if we say that two variables are correlated? - Answer One variable
affects the other
Advantages /Disadvantages of Descriptive research - Answer Advantage - They give
researchers a way to explore questions that could not be examined with
experimental procedures
Disadvantage - Investigators cannot control events to isolate cause and effect
What is a correlation coefficient? - Answer A numerical index of the degree of
a relationship between two variables
Positive vs. Negative correlation - Answer Positive = two variables co-vary in the
same direction
Negative = opposite direction
, What are some of the specialty areas in the professional practice of psychology? -
Answer - Clinical psychology
~ Concerned with the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals with
psychological disorders, as well as treatment of less severe behavioral and
emotional problems
- Counseling psychology
~ Counseling psychology overlaps with clinical psychology in that specialists in both
areas engage in similar activities - interviewing, testing, and providing therapy. They
often specialize in family, marital, or career counseling
- School psychology
~ School psychologists strive to promote the cognitive, emotional, and
social developments of children in schools
- Industrial/organizational psychology
~ Perform a wide variety of tasks in the world of business and industry (working
to improve staff morale and attitudes, etc.)
- Clinical neuropsychology
~ Involved in the assessment and treatment of people who suffer from central nervous
system dysfunctions due to head trauma, dementia, stroke, seizure disorders, etc.
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