NR503/ NR 503 | Population Health,
Epidemiology & Statistical
Principles Exam Study Guide |
2024/2025 Guide
Descriptive Epidemiology
Provides vital information for the prevention of disease, the
development of interventions and public health programs, the
evaluation of trends in health and disease and if necessary
additional research
provides the basis for program planning, delivery, & evaluation of
health services and can identify problems to be further studied
How is descriptive epidemiology used?
Use to describe the distribution of disease in terms of person,
place and or time (main focus)
Person: age, gender, socioeconomic, education level
,Place: residence, work, school
Time: epidemic disease outbreak
Causation
looks at the cause of the issue or disease process
Where can morbidity, mortality, incidence and prevalence data be
found at the state and national level?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS):
State Departments of Health:
National Institutes of Health (NIH):
County and Local Health Departments
Case Fatality Rate (CFR)
It represents the proportion of people diagnosed with a specific
disease or condition who die from it within a specified time frame.
CFR = (Number of Deaths from the Disease / Number of
Confirmed Cases of the Disease) x 100
,How are outcomes determined?
Outcomes in healthcare and other fields are determined through a
systematic process that involves defining, measuring, and
evaluating the results or effects of an intervention, treatment,
program, or other actions.. It is a fundamental aspect of evidence-
based practice and policymaking in various fields, including
healthcare, education, social services, and public policy, as it
helps in making informed decisions and improving the quality and
effectiveness of interventions and programs
How does social justice and health inequities influence population
health care provision? Why is this critical information for the
provision of evidence-based care?
social justice and health inequities significantly influence
population healthcare provision by affecting access to care, the
quality of care, health outcomes, and the overall health of
communities. Recognizing and addressing these factors is
essential for the provision of evidence-based care that is
equitable, patient-centered, and effective. Achieving health equity
is a fundamental goal in public health and healthcare systems
worldwide.
, Risk Factors:
A condition that may adversely affect an individual's health
Absolute risk
amount of risk attributed to an exposure
Relative risk
risk in those exposed divided by risk in those not exposed
(calculated only from a cohort study). It's the probability of
disease occurring in those exposed compared to the probability of
occurring in those who have not been exposed.
Odds ratio
Assess the strength of the association between exposure to a
particular risk factor or exposure variable and the occurrence of a
specific outcome or disease.
Attributable Risk
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