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NU 412 Test 3 Questions And Accurate Answers
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NU 412 Test 3 Questions And Accurate AnswersWhat is the nurse's role in a bronchoscopy? -ANWER informed consent, NPO × 8-12 hrs
pre-op, admin throat l/a, monitor for bleeding and gag reflex post procedure
What do you get before and after a thoracentesis? -ANWER Chest x ray-to check for
pneumothorax post procedure
what is asthma? - ANS chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways w/ bronchospasms;
S&S of sudden severe dyspnea, wheezing, gasping, sweating, anxiety, coughing, chest
tightness
what are three examples of short acting beta agonists that you should give first for an
asthma attack? - ANS albuterol, levabuterol, terbutaline
what are two examples of long acting beta agonists used to prevent asthma attacks and
are taken daily and are not used in acute asthma attacks? - ANSWER salmeterol and
formoterol
what is theophylline? - ANSWER a bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory drug used in
asthma to prevent attacks; therapeutic level is 5-15, >20 is toxic (tremor, seizures are
two signs of toxicity)
What are the two most commonly used corticosteroids for asthma? - ANSWER
fluticasone and prednisone
What are three side effects of corticosteroids? - ANSWER weight gain, decreased
wound healing, hyperglycemia-always taper to prevent an Addisonian crisis
What is Montelukast? - ANSWER oral leukotriene antagonist which reduces
, inflammatory response for treatment of asthma
What are the two sets of combination agents used in the treatment of asthma?
ipratropium and albuterol, fluticasone and salmeterol
What is status asthmaticus and what are nursing interventions? -life-threatening
episode of asthma that is unresponsive to treatment
-don't leave the patient, put them in High Fowlers position, prepare for emergency
intubation, administer oxygen, epinephrine and systemic steroid as prescribed
What are the top four symptoms of emphysema/COPD? -ANSWER dyspnea upon
exertion, barrel chest, weight loss, clubbed fingernails
What is emphysema/COPD? -ANSWER permanent enlargement of the gas exchanging
airways w/ loss of lung elasticity and narrowing of bronchioles; smoking biggest risk
factor; dyspnea w/ cough, wheezing, barrel chest and clubbed fingernails
what is chronic bronchitis/COPD?-ANSWER inflammation and hypersecretion of mucus
in the airways causing airway obstruction; **excessive mucus production for at least 3
months duration for at least 2 consecutive years**
what are the main S&S seen with chronic bronchitis/COPD?-ANSWER dyspnea, thick
tenacious sputum, productive cough, hypoxia, respiratory acidosis
what is the most common mucolytic you give to COPD patients to thin their
secretions?-ANSWER Guaifenesin
What may be the only presenting sign of pneumonia in the elderly? - ANWER altered
level of consciousness
what are risk factors for TB? - ANSWER older and homeless populations, travel,
immunosuppression, overcrowded living conditions (prisons, nursing homes)
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