Chapter 52 Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System- Test Bank Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Gastroenterology
Institution
Gastroenterology
The student nurse studying the gastrointestinal system understands that chyme refers to what?
a. Hormones that reduce gastric acidity
b. Liquefied food ready for digestion
c. Nutrients after being absorbed
d. Secretions that help digest food - Answer-ANS: B Liquefied food ready for digestion
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Chapter 52 Assessment of the
Gastrointestinal System- Test Bank
Exam Questions and Answers
The student nurse studying the gastrointestinal system understands that chyme refers
to what?
a. Hormones that reduce gastric acidity
b. Liquefied food ready for digestion
c. Nutrients after being absorbed
d. Secretions that help digest food - Answer-ANS: B Liquefied food ready for digestion
Before being digested, food must be broken down into a liquid form. This liquid is called
chyme. Secretin is the hormone that inhibits acid production and decreases gastric
motility. Absorption is carried out as the nutrients produced by digestion move from the
lumen of the GI tract into the body's circulatory system for uptake by individual cells.
The secretions that help digest food include hydrochloric acid, bile, and digestive
enzymes.
A client scheduled for a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) denies
allergies to medication. What action by the nurse is best?
a. Ask the client about shellfish allergies.
b. Document this information on the chart.
c. Ensure that the client has a ride home.
d. Instruct the client on bowel preparation. - Answer-ANS: A Ask the client about
shellfish allergies.
PTC uses iodinated dye, so the client should be asked about seafood allergies,
specifically to shellfish. Documentation should occur, but this is not the priority. The
client will need a ride home afterward if the procedure is done on an outpatient basis.
There is no bowel preparation for PTC.
A client is having an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and has been given
midazolam hydrochloride (Versed). The client's respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min. What
action by the nurse is best?
a. Administer naloxone (Narcan).
b. Call the Rapid Response Team.
c. Provide physical stimulation.
d. Ventilate with a bag-valve-mask. - Answer-ANS: C Provide physical stimulation.
For an EGD, clients are given mild sedation but should still be able to follow commands.
For shallow or slow respirations after the sedation is given, the nurse's first action is to
provide a physical stimulation such as a sternal rub and directions to breathe deeply.
, Naloxone is not the antidote for Versed. The Rapid Response Team is not needed at
this point. The client does not need manual ventilation.
A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy and the nurse has provided instructions on the
bowel cleansing regimen. What statement by the client indicates a need for further
teaching?
a. "It's a good thing I love orange and cherry gelatin."
b. "My spouse will be here to drive me home."
c. "I should refrigerate the GoLYTELY before use."
d. "I will buy a case of Gatorade before the prep." - Answer-ANS: A "It's a good thing I
love orange and cherry gelatin."
The client should be advised to avoid beverages and gelatin that are red, orange, or
purple in color as their residue can appear to be blood. The other statements show a
good understanding of the preparation for the procedure.
A client had a colonoscopy and biopsy yesterday and calls the gastrointestinal clinic to
report a spot of bright red blood on the toilet paper today. What response by the nurse
is best?
a. Ask the client to call back if this happens again today.
b. Instruct the client to go to the emergency department.
c. Remind the client that a small amount of bleeding is possible.
d. Tell the client to come in to the clinic this afternoon. - Answer-ANS: C Remind the
client that a small amount of bleeding is possible.
After a colonoscopy with biopsy, a small amount of bleeding is normal. The nurse
should remind the client of this and instruct him or her to go to the emergency
department for large amounts of bleeding, severe pain, or dizziness.
An older client has had an instance of drug toxicity and asks why this happens, since
the client has been on this medication for years at the same dose. What response by
the nurse is best?
a. "Changes in your liver cause drugs to be metabolized differently."
b. "Perhaps you don't need as high a dose of the drug as before."
c. "Stomach muscles atrophy with age and you digest more slowly."
d. "Your body probably can't tolerate as much medication anymore." - Answer-ANS: A
"Changes in your liver cause drugs to be metabolized differently."
Decreased liver enzyme activity depresses drug metabolism, which leads to
accumulation of drugs—possibly to toxic levels. The other options do not accurately
explain this age-related change.
To promote comfort after a colonoscopy, in what position does the nurse place the
client?
a. Left lateral
b. Prone
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