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CMN 568 - Unit 2 Questions and Answers 2024 Solved
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Exam of 11 pages for the course CMN 568 at CMN 568 (CMN 568 - Unit 2)
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CMN 568 - Unit 2CAP caused by Viruses vs Bacteria? Which is more common in adults? Which is more
common in kids? - answer Adults - Bacterial
Peds - Viral
HERF BBB
Most common viral cause of CAP – answer Influenza
HERF BBB
Common symptoms of CAP - answer+ Cough, with our without sputum production
+ Fever, chills, rigor, sweats
+ Dyspnea
+ Chest/ pleuritic pain
+ Nausea, anorexia, diarrhea
+ Headache, myalgias
+ Fatigue
+ Patients appear acutely ill
HERF BBB
Common signs of CAP - answer+ Fever: present in 80%. May be low or absent,
especially in elderly
+ Tachycardia
+ Tachypnea (may be the most sensitive sign in elderly)
+ Rales, inspiratory crackles or bronchial breath sounds
+ Dullness to percussion over areas of consolidation
+ Oxygen desaturation
+ Mental status changes, esp. in elderly
NOTE: No clear constellation of signs or symptoms has been found to accurately
predict the diagnosis of pneumonia.
HERF BBB
Common causes of bacterial CAP - answer+ Strep pneumo -- #1
+Haemophilus influenzae
+ Mycoplasma pneumoniae
+ Chlamydia pneumoniae
+ Staph aureus
, + Neisseria meningitidis
+ Klebsiella pneumoniae
+ Moraxella catarrhalis
+ Legionella spp.
HERF BBB
Common viral causes of CAP - answer+ INFLUENZA (#1)
+ RSV
+ Adenoviruses
HERF BBB
Gold standard of CAP dx? - answerCXR which indicates a pulmonary opacity. (CT scan
will show it too.)
HERF BBB
After a positive CXR, what other tests should patients have to confirm dx of CAP? -
answer+ NONE for most pts. Start tx with empiric abx
+ Atypical causes (Exposure to TB or flu, recent travel, immunosuppressed) should prob
undergo additional testing.
--Sputum gram stain
--UA antigen tests for s.pneumo or legionelle
--Rapid flu
HERF BBB
ABX tx of CAP in previously healthy patients with no recent antibiotic use? -
answerMACROLIDES (-mycins) or Doxycycline
+ Azithromycin (z-pack) 500mg/d x1 day, then 250mg/d x 4d
OR
+ Clarithromycin 500mg BID x 5 days
OR
+ Doxycycline 100mg BID x 5 days
NOTE: Use of fluoroquinolones is discouraged in ambulatory patients without co-
morbidities or recent antibiotic use.
HERF BBB
ABX tx of CAP in previously healthy patients with comorbid conditions,
immunosuppression or recent antibiotic use? - answer+ Respiratory fluoroquinolones (-
floxacins)
Choose *ONE* of the following regimes:
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