Often used for minimally invasive procedures like colonoscopies
moderate sedation
Often used during childbirth and surgeries of the arm, leg, or abdomen. Numbs a large part of the body, but you remain aware.
regional anesthesia
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, Often used for minimally invasive procedures like colonoscopies
moderate sedation
Often used during childbirth and surgeries of the arm, leg, or abdomen. Numbs a large
part of the body, but you remain aware.
regional anesthesiaRead More
These agents are known to cause malignant hyperthermia
volatile inhaled agents and succinylcholine
This is a normal effect of anesthesia in the immediate post-op period but must still be
addressed
hypothermia
These medications are often used with moderate sedation
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propofol, ketamine, etomidate, versed
Malignant hyperthermia
A hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production that occurs when susceptible
people receive certain anesthetic drugs.
-Acute life-threatening medical emergency. Inherited muscle disorder, that anesthesia
induces chemically
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• Triggering agents include inhalation anesthetic agents and succinylcholine.
• Increased carbon dioxide level, decreased oxygen saturation level, and tachycardia
occur first, followed by arrhythmias, muscle rigidity, hypotension, tachypnea, skin
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mottling, cyanosis, and muscle-cell protein in the urine (myoglobinuria). Extremely
elevated temperature is a late manifestation
Anesthesia
a state of narcosis (severe central nervous system depression produced by
pharmacologic agents), analgesia, relaxation, and reflex loss.
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Patients under general anesthesia are not arousable, not even to painful stimuli. They
lose the ability to maintain ventilatory function and require assistance in maintaining a
patent airway.
Stage I of anesthesia
beginning anesthesia:
Dizziness and a feeling of detachment may be experienced during induction.
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The patient may have a ringing, roaring, or buzzing in the ears and, although still
conscious, may sense an inability to move the extremities easily.
These sensations can result in agitation.
During this stage, noises are exaggerated; even low voices or minor sounds seem loud
and unreal. For these reasons, unnecessary noises and motions are avoided when
anesthesia begins.
Stage II of anesthesia
excitement
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