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Samenvatting Socrates en de sofisten

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H2 - Socrates en de sofisten Filosofie - Orthopedagogie (HoGent)

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  • Hoofstuk 2
  • October 8, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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HOOFDSTUK 2 – SOCRATES EN DE SOFISTEN

IK WEET DAT IK NIETS WEET
Alle oordelen achter laten en vertrekken vanuit een houding van niet-weten (aporie).
 OPENHEID
 ‘verlossen’ van foute inzichten (maieutiek)

Socratische methode
= methode van vraagstelling, waarbij je de partner zelf tot inzicht brengt. Je dringt niets op,
maar stelt telkens vragen ter verduidelijking.


SITUERING
Een nieuw thema kwam op : de mens.

Athene
 5de eeuw v.C – Gouden Eeuw van Pericles (democratie)
 Centrale markt (agora)


DE SOFISTEN

R ONDTREKKENDE LERAARS


Sofistès = beoefenaren van wijsheid
 Rondtrekkende leraars
 Les tegen betaling aan welgestelde jeugd
 Grammatica (spreken), dialectica (argumenteren), retorica (overtuigen)

Zeer pragmatisch ingesteld.
 Kennis moest nuttig en bruikbaar zijn in de praktijk

Overgang van physis (dategene wat vanzelf ontwikkelt) naar nomos (datgene wat door de
mens gemaakt is).
DUS kwamen ze tot de conclusie dat niet iedereen zomaar kan beweren dat de eigen
tradities,.. de enige juiste zijn.
 Er bestaat geen waarheid die voor iedereen geldt (relativisme)

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