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Samenvatting Forensisch Welzijnswerk
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Samenvatting Forensisch Welzijnswerk
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Forensisch WelzijnswerkInhoud
1. Introductie..........................................................................................................................................5
1.1. Forensisch Welzijnswerk..............................................................................................................5
1.2. Autonoom vs aan justitie gebonden FWW..................................................................................5
1.2.1. Fundamentele verschillen op het vlak van finaliteit..................................................................6
1.2.2. Forensisch Welzijnswerk: bij nader inzicht toch complexer dan “F + WW”..............................7
1.3. Welzijn en Strafrecht: “een paar apart”.......................................................................................8
1.3.1. Sociaal verweer in de praktijk...................................................................................................9
1.3.2. Ruimte voor welzijnsgerichte interventies naast strafrecht....................................................10
1.3.3. Forensisch Welzijnswerk is geen “organisatie” maar wijst op de verhouding tussen hulp en
recht.................................................................................................................................................11
1.3.4. De Criminoloog als actor in dit debat......................................................................................12
1.4. Geschiedenis als achteruitkijkspiegel.........................................................................................12
2. Geschiedenis als achteruitkijkspiegel in het heden..........................................................................14
2.1. Van private reclassering naar forensisch welzijnswerk..............................................................14
2.1.1. Ontwikkeling Private Reclassering..........................................................................................14
2.1.1.1. Beschermingscomités (1888)...........................................................................................14
2.1.1.2. Diensten voor sociale re-integratie..................................................................................15
2.1.1.3. Werken der wederaanpassing (vanaf 1922).....................................................................17
2.1.2. Welzijnswerk...........................................................................................................................18
2.1.2.1. Staatshervorming 1980 als scharnierpunt!......................................................................19
2.1.2.2. Maatschappelijke ontwikkelingen....................................................................................22
2.1.3. Samenvattend: Private reclassering vs forensisch welzijnswerk.............................................22
2.2. Van overheidsreclassering naar Psychosociale Dienst en Dienst Justitiehuizen.........................23
2.2.1. Overheidsreclassering na WO I: Intrede van het intra- én extramurale ‘justitieel sociaal werk’
..........................................................................................................................................................25
2.2.2. Overheidsreclassering na WO II..............................................................................................25
2.2.3. Jaren 1960 – 1970: groot geloof in de wetenschap en in resocialisatie..................................26
2.2.4. Reorganisatie overheidsreclassering medio 1997...................................................................27
2.2.5. Samenvattend: Overheidsreclassering....................................................................................28
3. Gastles Kris Vanhoeck: Herstel na een delict – in dialoog met plegers.............................................29
3.1. Herstel in een forensische context.............................................................................................29
3.1.1. Geschiedenis...........................................................................................................................29
3.1.2. Soorten herstel.......................................................................................................................29
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, 3.1.3. Drie doelstellingen..................................................................................................................30
3.2. Boek – Werkwijze.......................................................................................................................30
3.2.1. Vertrekpunten.........................................................................................................................30
3.2.2. Persoon-eerst-taalgebruik.......................................................................................................31
3.2.3. Desistance...............................................................................................................................31
3.2.4. Verhalen – zelfnarratief...........................................................................................................31
3.2.5. Perspectieven via brieven.......................................................................................................31
3.2.6. Werkwoorden.........................................................................................................................31
3.2.7. Doe-opgaven...........................................................................................................................32
3.2.8. Via een omweg – via een “derde”...........................................................................................32
3.2.9. Meerzijdige betrokkenheid – Perspectieven...........................................................................32
3.2.10. Morele ontkoppeling (Bandura, 1991)..................................................................................32
3.3. 10 werkwoorden........................................................................................................................33
3.3.1. Herkennen..............................................................................................................................33
3.3.2. Aanvaarden.............................................................................................................................34
3.3.3. Beslissen.................................................................................................................................34
..........................................................................................................................................................34
3.3.4. Verantwoorden.......................................................................................................................34
3.3.5. Vertalen..................................................................................................................................34
3.3.6. Vervolledigen..........................................................................................................................35
3.3.7. Verplaatsen.............................................................................................................................35
3.3.8. Erkennen.................................................................................................................................35
3.3.9. Spijten.....................................................................................................................................35
3.3.10. Herstellen..............................................................................................................................35
3.4. Voorbeeld: Yves – erkennen......................................................................................................36
3.4.1. Verhaal van Yves.....................................................................................................................36
3.4.2. Joachim, brief aan huisdokter.................................................................................................36
3.4.3. Erkennen – uitleg bij werkwoord............................................................................................36
3.4.4. Doe-opgaven...........................................................................................................................36
3.5. Tot slot – Wat is belangrijk?.......................................................................................................37
4. Justitie(huizen) & Handhaving..........................................................................................................38
4.1. Geschiedenis..............................................................................................................................38
4.2. Bevoegdheden...........................................................................................................................39
4.2.1. Deel 1: Federaal overheid Justitie...........................................................................................39
4.2.2. Deel 2: Vlaamse Gemeenschap...............................................................................................40
4.2.3. Deel 3: Vlaamse Gemeenschap...............................................................................................43
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,5. Organisaties ingebed Forensisch Welzijnswerk.................................................................................45
5.1. De psychosociale dienst (PSD)...................................................................................................45
5.1.1. Lokaal......................................................................................................................................45
5.1.2. Missie en opdrachten PSD......................................................................................................46
5.1.3. Praktijk PSD.............................................................................................................................48
5.2. Transitiehuizen...........................................................................................................................49
5.2.1. Transitiehuis............................................................................................................................49
6. Ontwikkelingen en organisatie intrapenitentiair autonoom forensisch welzijnswerk.......................51
6.1. Ontwikkeling autonoom FWW...................................................................................................51
6.1.1. Noodzaak afstemming Federale overheid – Vlaamse gemeenschap......................................51
6.1.2. Strategisch Plan hulp- en dienstverlening aan gedetineerden................................................52
6.1.3. Decreet hulp- en dienstverlening aan gedetineerden (2013).................................................54
6.1.4. Strategisch plan 2015-2020....................................................................................................54
6.1.5. Strategisch plan 2020-2025....................................................................................................54
6.2. Actoren en organisaties intrapenitentiair autonoom FWW.......................................................55
6.2.1. Hulp- en dienstverlening: actoren in de praktijk.....................................................................55
6.2.2. Justitieel Welzijnswerk (JWW)................................................................................................56
6.2.3. Geestelijke gezondheidszorg (GGZ).........................................................................................56
6.2.4. Onderwijs (CBE en CVO).........................................................................................................57
6.2.5. Vorming, Sociaal cultureel werk, sport : De Rode Antraciet....................................................57
6.2.6. Auditrapport Rekenhof: Vlaams beleid voor hulp- en dienstverlening aan gedetineerden
(gepresenteerd 2023).......................................................................................................................58
7. Forensische Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg........................................................................................59
7.1. Aanbod FGGZ.............................................................................................................................59
7.2. Forensische Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg.................................................................................59
7.2.1. Aanbod geïnterneerden..........................................................................................................60
7.2.2. Internering..............................................................................................................................61
7.2.3. Rapport internering Unia (2023).............................................................................................61
7.2.4. Forensische Psychiatrische Centra..........................................................................................62
8. Cases van Autonoom Forensisch Welzijnswerk................................................................................63
8.1. ITER............................................................................................................................................63
8.2. Stop It Now................................................................................................................................63
8.3. Hulpverlening aan plegers seksueel grensoverschrijdend gedrag: overwegend individueel en
persoonsgericht................................................................................................................................64
8.4. Zorgcentra na seksueel geweld (ZGS).........................................................................................64
8.4.1. Betrokken actoren..................................................................................................................66
3
, 8.5. Mensenhandel – Mensensmokkel.............................................................................................66
8.5.1. Onthaalcentra slachtoffers mensenhandel en mensensmokkel..............................................67
8.5.2. Case: statuut slachtoffer mensensmokkel (met verzwarende omstandigheden)....................67
8.5.3. “Schaduwdenkers” van FWW: Voorbeeld Villa Voortman......................................................68
9. Gastcollege: T’ Pasrel (onthaal-, oriëntatie- en observatiecentrum).................................................69
9.1. Opdracht....................................................................................................................................69
9.1.1. Voor wie?................................................................................................................................69
9.1.2. Aanbod...................................................................................................................................70
9.2. Visie ’t Pasrel..............................................................................................................................70
9.3. Cijfers.........................................................................................................................................71
9.4. Praktijk.......................................................................................................................................71
10. Bijzondere vraagstukken: Datafication en AI in FWW.....................................................................73
10.1. Datafication.............................................................................................................................73
10.2. Algoritmisering van de strafketen en FWW.............................................................................73
10.3. Governance by Artificial Intelligence. Predictive Risk Modelling (Edwards & Ugwudike 2023)73
10.4. De economische zienswijze in het AI-narratief........................................................................74
11. Trends en tendensen in FWW.........................................................................................................75
11.1. Neoliberale logica en de veruiterlijking(en) hiervan in FWW...................................................75
11.2. Managerialisme.......................................................................................................................76
11.2.1. Managerialisme impact........................................................................................................76
11.3. Krachtgerichte benaderingen (strength – based approaches).................................................77
11.3.1. Voorbeeld krachtgerichte benadering : Good Lives Model...................................................77
11.3.2. “Good Life Plan”....................................................................................................................78
11.4. Evidence based........................................................................................................................79
11.4.1. Evidence based kan ook betekenen:.....................................................................................79
11.5. Teloorgang kritische functie FWW?.........................................................................................80
11.6. Illustraties één begrip ≠ betekenis...........................................................................................80
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