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NR 511 Differential Diagnosis and Primary Care- Mid Term Review Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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NR 511 Differential Diagnosis and Primary Care- Mid Term Review
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NR 511 Differential Diagnosis andPrimary Care- Mid Term Review
what is the sensitivity of the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for detecting prostate
cancer? - answer# men with prostate cancer
# men with positive PSA
160
# men with negative PSA
40
total
200
The correct answer is 160/200. Sensitivity is the proportion of patients with the disease
that have a positive result; it is the number of true positives divided by the total number
of patients who have the disease.
A diagnostic test is used in a sample of 1000 patients. 500 of these patients have the
disease, while 500 do not. Of those 500 patients without the disease, 30 test positive,
and 470 test negative. What is the specificity of the test? - answerThe correct answer is
470/500.
Specificity is the proportion of patients who test negative out of the total number of
patients who do not have the disease; it is the number of true negatives overall
negatives. In this example, 500/1000 patients have the disease. Of those 500 patients
without the disease, 30 test positive, and 470 test negative.
The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of a test refers to which of the following? -
answerthe proportion of patients with a positive test who have the disease.
Which of the following depends on the prevalence of the disease? - answerpositive
predictive value.
Predictive values depend on the prevalence of disease in the population whereas
sensitivity and specificity are intrinsic properties of the test. Reliability refers to the
consistency or stability of a measure.
A low pretest probability of disease may lead to which of the following? - answerlow
positive predictive value and more false-positive results.
,Positive predictive value increases with prevalence; therefore, a low prevalence value
yields a low positive predictive value and implies a high false-positive rate. Negative
predictive value decreases with prevalence, and sensitivity and specificity do not vary
with prevalence.
If you strongly suspect that a patient is positive for a specific condition but tests
negative, the negative result may be: - answerfalse-negative test results due to a low
negative predictive value.
At the individual level, your clinical suspicion is equivalent to pre-test probability and
high prevalence at the population level. Negative predictive value is inversely correlated
with prevalence; therefore, your clinical suspicion translates to a low negative predictive
value, suggesting a false-negative test result.
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fever - answerCBC
Check CBC with differential for neutrophil shift in suspected infection
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Unexplained bruising -
answerCBC
Check platelet count
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fatigue - answerBoth CBC
and CMP
Check RBC, Hgb and Hct for anemia, CMP for potential liver or kidney abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Cardiac dysrhythmias -
answerCMP
Monitor electrolytes for abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Unexplained weight loss -
answerBoth CBC and CMP
Check WBC for inflammation or possible cancer, CMP for glucose, liver or kidney
abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Edema - answerCMP
Check for kidney function
What is SNAPPS? - answerSummarize the history and findings
Narrow the differential diagnosis to two or three possibilities
Analyze the differential by comparing and contrasting the possibilities
, Probe the preceptor by asking questions about alternative approaches or uncertainties
Plan the management of the client's health issues
Select an issue from the case for self-directed learning
a 13 year old presents to the clinic complaining of severe left side sore throat and pain
with swallowing for 1
day. upon exam, the patient appears uncomfortable and febrile. Cervical adenopathy is
present on left side,
difficulty opening and closing mouth. What should you do? - answerRefer to the ER
a 37 year old female presents for her annual visit. She mentions that her 13 year old
daughter has had to
recent infestions of lice. She asks what she can do to prevent this? - answerAfter 2 days
of no head lice, her bedding is lice free
Which of the following is the appropriate treatment for giardia - answerquin.hydr.
Your client, a 72-year-old smoker of 50 years, is at the office today for a routine
physical. During your inspection of the oral mucosa, you discover a white lesion on the
lateral surface of the tongue that you suspect to be cancerous. You document your
finding as: - answerA white, painless, firm, ulcerated lesion with indurated borders
Maryann, age 28, presents to the clinic because of a rapid onset of patchy hair loss.
The skin within these oval patches of hair loss is very smooth. Tapered hairs that
resemble exclamation points are seen at the margin of a patch of hair loss. Based on
these findings, you suspect Maryann has: - answerAlopecia areata The findings are
consistent with alopecia areata, ie, nonscarring hair loss of rapid onset,
the pattern of which is most commonly sharply defined round or oval patches.
Which of the following is not a complication of group a strep
hemolytic anemia
glomerular nephritis - answer
Which of the following is an example of conductive hearing loss? - answerSerous OM
Medical coding is the process of submitting and following up on claims made to the
payer in order - answerCoding is done in order to process demographic, insurance, ...
number as shown on insured's ID card for the payer to whom the claim is being
submitted.
Tom, age 50, is complaining of an itchy rash that occurred about a half hour after
putting on his leather jacket. He recalls having a slightly similar rash last year when he
wore his jacket. The annular lesions are on his neck and both arms. They are
erythematous, sharply circumscribed, and both flat and elevated. His voice seems a
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