EASC 101 - Final Exam Prep Questions with Complete Answers.
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Course
EASC 101
Institution
EASC 101
EASC 101 - Final Exam Prep Questions with Complete Answers.EASC 101 - Final Exam Prep Questions with Complete Answers.EASC 101 - Final Exam Prep Questions with Complete Answers.EASC 101 - Final Exam Prep Questions with Complete Answers.
EASC 101 - Final Exam Prep Questions with
Complete Answers.
Sedimentary Environment are... - Correct answer geographic settings where sediments
accumulate to form rocks assemblages
Sedimentary Fancies - Correct answer changes in past environments, seen when a
single layer of sedimentary rock is traced laterally
High energy environment examples - Correct answer Waves, currents, deserts, fluvial
environments, alluvial fans, beaches, reefs, glacial environments
The key is movement (fast-flowing water)
High energy environment products - Correct answer Larger grain sizes, well-sorted to
poor-sorted depending on transportation
Low energy environment products - Correct answer Small grain sizes, well-sorted, high
mud content
Strata - Correct answer Horizontal layers of sediment
Metamorphism - Correct answer Alteration of rock due to changes in physical or
chemical environments
Changes in in mineralogy and texture occur
Low vs. High grade - Correct answer Low grade means minimal changes, high grade
means substantial change
Agents to Metamorphism - Correct answer Heat (provides energy for chemical
reactions), pressure (increases with depth, can be confining (equal in all directions) or
differential (not equal) pressure)
Foliated - Correct answer metamorphic texture that includes planar (nearly flat)
arrangements of mineral grains or structural features in a rock
,These minerals rotate or recrystallize with a preferred orientation, and are perpendicular
to the direction of differential pressure
Non-Foliated - Correct answer Metamorphic texture for rocks with interlocking crystals
Metamorphic Environments - Correct answer 1) Contact or thermal metamorphism (rock
intruded my magma/heat)
2) Hydrothermal metamorphism (hot fluids circulating through rock cracks)
3) Burial metamorphism (huge amounts of sediment accumulating in a basin)
4) Seduction zone metamorphism (rock + sediment carried to great depths, ex. oceanic
plate)
5) Regional metamorphism (common type of metamorphism, associated with mountain
building)
Metamorphism along fault zones may produce a loosely coherent rock called... - Correct
answer Fault Breccia
Rocks modified or produced by impact is called a... - Correct answer Impacted
Purpose of Index minerals - Correct answer establishing the metamorphic grade of a
rock
Examples of metamorphic faces - Correct answer Hornell’s, zeolite, green schist,
amphibolite, granulite, blue schist, eclogue
The Hydrologic Cycle - Correct answer 1) Infiltration (precipitation enters the soil)
2) Runoff (moves downslope at the surface)
3) Evapotranspiration (runoff finds its way back to the atmosphere)
Distribution of Earth's Water - Correct answer Global Distribution:
-96.5%: Oceans
-1%: Saline lakes/groundwater
-2.5%: Freshwater
Freshwater:
-30.1%: Groundwater
-68.6%: Glaciers and Ice sheets
-1.3%: Surface/Freshwater
Erosion - Correct answer (geology) process of wearing or grinding something down (as
by particles washing over it)
Drainage Basins - Correct answer any area of land where precipitation collects and
drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water.
Zones of River Systems - Correct answer 1) Sediment production
2) Sediment transport
3) Sediment deposition
Laminar Flow - Correct answer Water moving in a straight line
Turbulent Flow - Correct answer Water moves erratically (whirlpools, eddies)
Flow Velocity - Correct answer Velocity increases in deeper parts of the channel
Factors:
-channel slope/gradient
-channel shape
-channel size and roughness
-discharge (amount of water)
Changes Downstream - Correct answer Changes in slope on stream profile are usually
accompanied by an increase in discharge and channel size, and a reduction in particle
size
Quarrying - Correct answer Removal of blocks from channel bed
Abrasion - Correct answer Bed and banks of a bedrock channel are bombarded by
particles carried within the flow
Corrosion - Correct answer Gradual dissolution of rock by flowing water
Methods of sediment transportation in streams - Correct answer -Solutions (dissolved)
-Suspensions (suspended)
-Skipping/rolling/sliding along
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