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HESI Med-Surg Practice 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
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HESI Med-Surg Practice 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
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HESI Med-Surg Practice 1 Questions With CompleteSolutions
A 24-year-old female client diagnosed with a human
papillomavirus infection (HPV) is angry at her ex-boyfriend and
says she is not going to tell him that he is infected. What
response is best for the nurse to provide?
"You do not have to tell him because this is not a reportable
disease."
"Because there is no cure for this disease, telling him is of no
benefit to him or to you."
"Even though you are angry, he should be told, so he can take
precautions to prevent the spread of infection."
"You should tell him, so he can feel as guilty and miserable as
you do now, knowing that you have this disease." Correct
Answer "Even though you are angry, he should be told, so he
can take precautions to prevent the spread of infection."
Anger is a common emotional reaction when confronted with
the diagnosis of a STI, and often lay blame and project this
anger at the sexual partner. Although HPV is not a reportable
disease in many states, all contacts should be informed of the
infection, treatment, transmission, and precautions to minimize
infecting others.
A 48-year-old client with endometrial cancer is being discharged
after a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.
Which client statement indicates that further teaching is needed?
"Well, I don't have to worry about getting pregnant anymore."
"I can't wait to go on the cruise that I have planned for this
summer."
"I know I will miss having sexual intercourse with my husband."
,"I have asked my daughter to stay with me next week after I am
discharged." Correct Answer "I know I will miss having sexual
intercourse with my husband."
Further teaching is needed in response to the client's
misunderstanding of not being able to have sexual intercourse
after a hysterectomy, needs to be addressed.
A client asks the nurse about the purpose of beginning
chemotherapy (CT) because the tumor is still very small. Which
information supports the explanation that the nurse should
provide?
Side effects are less likely if therapy is started early.
Collateral circulation increases as the tumor grows.
Sensitivity of cancer cells to CT is based on cell cycle rate.
The cell count of the tumor reduces by half with each dose.
Correct Answer The cell count of the tumor reduces by half
with each dose.
Initiating chemotherapy while the tumor is small provides a
better chance of eradicating all cancer cells because 50% of
cancer cells or tumor cells are killed with each dose.
A client in the preoperative holding area receives a prescription
for midazolam (Versed) IV. The nurse determines that the
surgical consent form needs to be signed by the client. Which
action should the nurse implement?
Give the drug and allow the client to read and sign the consent
form.
Counter-sign the client's initials on the consent form after giving
the drug.
Withhold the drug until the client validates understanding of the
surgical procedure and signs the consent form.
,Call the healthcare provider to explain the surgical procedure
before the client signs the consent. Correct Answer Withhold
the drug until the client validates understanding of the surgical
procedure and signs the consent form.
Midazolam, a benzodiazepine sedative, is commonly used for
conscious-sedation intraoperatively and interferes with the
client's cognition and level of consciousness, so the consent
form should be signed before the drug is administered.
A client is admitted after blunt abdominal injury. Which
assessment finding requires immediate action by the nurse?
Radiating abdominal pain with left lower quadrant palpation.
Grimacing after palpation of the right hypochondriac region.
Rebound tenderness with abdominal palpation.
Bluish periumbilical skin discoloration. Correct Answer Bluish
periumbilical skin discoloration.
immediate action is indicated for intraperitoneal hemorrhage
which causes periumbilical discoloration (D) and indicates the
presence of a splenic rupture, a life-threatening complication of
blunt abdominal injury. (A, B, and C) indicate inflammation of
the appendix or gallbladder but do not represent an acute finding
as a result of blunt abdominal trauma.
A client is admitted for complaints of chest pain and aching for
the past 4 days. The results for serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-
MB) and troponin levels are obtained. What rationale should the
nurse use to evaluate the laboratory findings?
Serum myoglobin levels are needed to confirm myocardial
damage.
The most reliable indicator of myocardial necrosis is serum CK-
MB.
, Serum cardiac markers are inconclusive in determining
myocardial injury after waiting several days.
Myocardial damage that occurred several days earlier is best
validated by serum troponin levels. Correct Answer
Myocardial damage that occurred several days earlier is best
validated by serum troponin levels.
An elevated serum troponin has become the cardiac marker of
choice for diagnosing an acute MI, according the American
College of Cardiology (ACC) guidelines (2017) for NSTEMI.
An elevated troponin will become evident within 2-3 hours of an
MI in comparison to the CK-MB and other cardiac enzymes that
can take up to 6-9 hours after the MI occurrence.
A client is admitted to the emergency department after being lost
for four days while hiking in a national forest. Upon review of
the laboratory results, the nurse determines the client's serum
level for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is elevated. Which
additional assessment should the nurse make?
Body mass index.
Skin elasticity and turgor.
Thought processes and speech.
Exposure to cold environmental temperatures. Correct Answer
Exposure to cold environmental temperatures.
TSH influences the amount of thyroxine secretion which
increases the rate of metabolism to maintain body temperature
near normal. Prolonged exposure to cold environmental
temperatures stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete thyrotropin-
releasing hormone, which increases anterior pituitary serum
release of TSH.
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