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UF EXP3604 Exam 4 Study Guide fully solved & verified actual exam(download to pass).
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UF EXP3604 Exam 4 Study Guide fully solved & verified actual exam(download to pass).
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UF EXP3604 Exam 4 StudyGuide fully solved & verified
actual exam(download to
pass)
deductive reasoning - answer "The type of reasoning that begins
with some specific premises that are assumed to be true. Next one
judges whether those premises allow a particular conclusion to be
drawn, based on the principles of logic."
conditional reasoning task - answer "A deductive reasoning task
that describes the relationship between conditions. Conditional
reasoning tasks are often presented in an "if ... then ..." format.
Also called a propositional reasoning task."
factors that cause difficulty in reasoning - answer
belief-bias effect - answer "When people make reasoning
judgments based on prior beliefs and general knowledge, rather
than on the rules of logic. In general, people make errors when the
logic of a reasoning problem conflicts with their background
knowledge."
confirmation bias - answer tendency to try to confirm/support
hypothesis rather than trying to disprove it
standard wason selection task - answer turning over cards, shows
confirmation bias because people want to prove their own
hypothesis instead of disproving it
, representativeness heuristic - answer "A general rule in decision
making that people use when trying to decide which outcome would
be more likely. People who use this heuristic make judgments in
terms of the similarity between the sample and the population from
which the sample was selected. For instance, people believe that a
coin toss of HTTHTH is more likely than a coin toss of HHHTTT."
sample size and representativeness - answer representativeness is
so compelling we often ignore the sample size, in reality sample size
is important because large samples are more likely to reflect the
true proportions in a population
base rate and representativeness - answer how often an item
occurs in the population; people often ignore it (base rate fallacy)
conjunction fallacy and representativeness - answer "A decision-
making error that occurs when people judge the probability of the
conjunction of two events to be greater than the probability of
either constituent event."
availability heuristic - answer estimating frequency/probability in
terms of how easy it is to think of relevant examples
recency effect and availability - answer tendency for items at the
end of a list to be recalled better than items in the middle
familiarity and availability - answer familiarity of examples can
also produce distortion in frequency estimation, for example the
media can influence your ideas of the prevalence of something
recognition heuristic - answer "A situation in decision making that
occurs when someone is trying to decide which of two categories
occurs more frequently. If this person recognizes one category, but
not the other, then she or he concludes that the recognized category
has the higher frequency."
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