Psychology 1200 practice questions. || with Error-free
Solutions.
A testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured is referred to as a(n)
correct answers hypothesis
A theory or prediction is falsifiable if correct answers it is precise enough that it could be proven
false.
Someone who exercises curiosity and skepticism about assumptions and beliefs is using correct
answers critical thinking
Paul is considering whether to take a cholesterol-reducing medicine that has been recommended
by his physician. He goes to the library and learns that the government agency that oversees
medications-Health Canada-has approved the medication after dozens of studies had been
conducted on its usefulness. Which aspect of critical thinking does this best represent? correct
answers has examined the nature and source of the evidence.
The scientific meaning of the word "theory" is different from how it is most often used in non-
scientific language because correct answers it describes an explanation based on a variety of
well-tested, objective observations rather than speculation.
Jan believes that all knowledge is acquired through careful observation. Jan is probably correct
answers an empiricist
Francis Galton made a significant contribution to psychology by introducing methods for
studying how heredity contributes to human behaviour. Which alternative explanation was
Galton overlooking when he argued that heredity accounts for these similarities? correct answers
The primary importance of the nature side of the nature-versus-nurture debate
was the study of the basic components of the mind, while examined the role that specific
behaviours may have served in our species' evolution. correct answers Structuralism;
functionalism
The Gestalt psychologists, with their focus on perception and experience, are closely linked to
modern-day psychologists. correct answers cognitive
Cognitive neuroscience examines correct answers how different brain areas are involved with
different cognitive abilities.
How would you apply the biopsychosocial model to a news report claiming that anxiety is
caused by being around other people who are anxious? correct answers Recognize that the news
report only considers one portion of the biopsychosocial model.
,The hypothesis that "exercise improves the ability to remember lists of words" is a scientific one
because correct answers it makes a specific, testable prediction.
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the steps of the scientific method?
correct answers Scientists use theories to generate hypotheses, and confirmed hypotheses lead to
new ones and strengthen theories.
Which of the following contradicts a principle of scientific literacy? correct answers accepting
common-sense explanations
In philosophical terms, a materialist is someone who might believe that correct answers
everything that exists, including human beings, are composed exclusively of physical matter.
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following would be the most likely explanation for
why someone is behaving aggressively? correct answers There is something going on at the
unconscious level that is causing them to behave this way.
When psychologists point to the influence of genes or of culture on behaviour, they are
reinforcing the fundamental belief in correct answers determinism.
A distinct feature of behaviourism is its correct answers exclusive emphasis on observable
behaviour.
Gwen is in search of the deeper meaning of her life and would like to learn more about her
potential as a human being. Which of the following types of psychologists would likely be most
useful to her? correct answers Humanistic
Dr. Shi runs a research lab, which recently studied how quickly and accurately pilots could
respond to various symbols on a display. Dr. Shi is MOST likely a(n) correct answers human
factors psychologist.
Melissa believes that each person is a unique being and is affected by the requirements for
personal growth. Which perspective best matches Melissa's belief? correct answers humanist
Dr. Banerjee is testing a new treatment for depression. She thought that 10mg of Drug X would
be effective; however, her initial study showed that 10mg of Drug X was not effective in
reducing depressive symptoms. She has rejected her initial that 10mg was effective and is
currently studying if 20mg is effective. correct answers hypothesis
Which of the following experimenters is using an approach that is consistent with the principles
of empiricism? correct answers Donna carefully measures and observes the effects of certain
foods on her behaviours.
Juan disagreed with his professor on a controversial subject and abruptly stated, "Well, that's just
your theory." Juan's professor quickly corrected him and said correct answers "Theories are not
the same thing as opinions or beliefs."
, A person who is able to know why some particular research is relevant to society is meeting the
goal of scientific literacy. correct answers application
When we consider that all events are governed by lawful cause-and-effect relationships, we are
supporting the belief of correct answers determinism.
points Your friend just purchased a rather unusual ceramic item that outlines the contours,
bumps, and ridges distributed across the surface of the skull. This item may have been used in
the study of correct answers phrenology.
As a student of Edward Titchener's, you would be analyzing the conscious experience by
breaking it down into basic elements, much like the periodic table. What school of thought
would you be attached to? correct answers structuralism
Which of the following is an example of massed practice? correct answers devoting all of your
studying for your psychology exam into one four-hour session, rather than four one-hour
sessions
Rachel noticed that people are generally less patient when tired. She studied how sleep
deprivation affects patience while driving. She predicted that people who have had less than
eight hours of sleep will honk their horn in anger more frequently than people who have had
eight or more hours of sleep. She designed an experiment that used driving simulators to allow
different people to be exposed to the same driving experiences, and looked at the honking
behaviours of the different groups of sleepers. Rachel's work is an example of correct answers
the scientific method.
Which of the following people is demonstrating scientific literacy? correct answers Curtis who is
researching claims about a new diet supplement before buying it.
As a graduate student, you are interested in how humans process memory and language, and how
they use thought in everyday life. Your thesis involves the impact of language on memory. You
are studying to be a _________psychologist. correct answers cognitive
"People become stronger than normal while hypnotized" is an example of a hypothesis because
correct answers it can be confirmed or rejected through scientific testing.
Sheldon has grand plans to be the person who finally develops a "unified theory" that unites all
scientific disciplines. When discussing the theory with him, you are impressed by the fact that it
seems to be able to explain any scenario you propose. As a risk, though, what would be the most
difficult aspect of good scientific research for Sheldon's theory to manage? correct answers
falsifiability
In watching television shows about the workplace during the 1950s, it becomes clear that many
behaviours that were the norm during that time period are no longer acceptable in the workplace
today. What used to be seen as normal interactions between males and females are often seen as
Solutions.
A testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured is referred to as a(n)
correct answers hypothesis
A theory or prediction is falsifiable if correct answers it is precise enough that it could be proven
false.
Someone who exercises curiosity and skepticism about assumptions and beliefs is using correct
answers critical thinking
Paul is considering whether to take a cholesterol-reducing medicine that has been recommended
by his physician. He goes to the library and learns that the government agency that oversees
medications-Health Canada-has approved the medication after dozens of studies had been
conducted on its usefulness. Which aspect of critical thinking does this best represent? correct
answers has examined the nature and source of the evidence.
The scientific meaning of the word "theory" is different from how it is most often used in non-
scientific language because correct answers it describes an explanation based on a variety of
well-tested, objective observations rather than speculation.
Jan believes that all knowledge is acquired through careful observation. Jan is probably correct
answers an empiricist
Francis Galton made a significant contribution to psychology by introducing methods for
studying how heredity contributes to human behaviour. Which alternative explanation was
Galton overlooking when he argued that heredity accounts for these similarities? correct answers
The primary importance of the nature side of the nature-versus-nurture debate
was the study of the basic components of the mind, while examined the role that specific
behaviours may have served in our species' evolution. correct answers Structuralism;
functionalism
The Gestalt psychologists, with their focus on perception and experience, are closely linked to
modern-day psychologists. correct answers cognitive
Cognitive neuroscience examines correct answers how different brain areas are involved with
different cognitive abilities.
How would you apply the biopsychosocial model to a news report claiming that anxiety is
caused by being around other people who are anxious? correct answers Recognize that the news
report only considers one portion of the biopsychosocial model.
,The hypothesis that "exercise improves the ability to remember lists of words" is a scientific one
because correct answers it makes a specific, testable prediction.
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the steps of the scientific method?
correct answers Scientists use theories to generate hypotheses, and confirmed hypotheses lead to
new ones and strengthen theories.
Which of the following contradicts a principle of scientific literacy? correct answers accepting
common-sense explanations
In philosophical terms, a materialist is someone who might believe that correct answers
everything that exists, including human beings, are composed exclusively of physical matter.
According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following would be the most likely explanation for
why someone is behaving aggressively? correct answers There is something going on at the
unconscious level that is causing them to behave this way.
When psychologists point to the influence of genes or of culture on behaviour, they are
reinforcing the fundamental belief in correct answers determinism.
A distinct feature of behaviourism is its correct answers exclusive emphasis on observable
behaviour.
Gwen is in search of the deeper meaning of her life and would like to learn more about her
potential as a human being. Which of the following types of psychologists would likely be most
useful to her? correct answers Humanistic
Dr. Shi runs a research lab, which recently studied how quickly and accurately pilots could
respond to various symbols on a display. Dr. Shi is MOST likely a(n) correct answers human
factors psychologist.
Melissa believes that each person is a unique being and is affected by the requirements for
personal growth. Which perspective best matches Melissa's belief? correct answers humanist
Dr. Banerjee is testing a new treatment for depression. She thought that 10mg of Drug X would
be effective; however, her initial study showed that 10mg of Drug X was not effective in
reducing depressive symptoms. She has rejected her initial that 10mg was effective and is
currently studying if 20mg is effective. correct answers hypothesis
Which of the following experimenters is using an approach that is consistent with the principles
of empiricism? correct answers Donna carefully measures and observes the effects of certain
foods on her behaviours.
Juan disagreed with his professor on a controversial subject and abruptly stated, "Well, that's just
your theory." Juan's professor quickly corrected him and said correct answers "Theories are not
the same thing as opinions or beliefs."
, A person who is able to know why some particular research is relevant to society is meeting the
goal of scientific literacy. correct answers application
When we consider that all events are governed by lawful cause-and-effect relationships, we are
supporting the belief of correct answers determinism.
points Your friend just purchased a rather unusual ceramic item that outlines the contours,
bumps, and ridges distributed across the surface of the skull. This item may have been used in
the study of correct answers phrenology.
As a student of Edward Titchener's, you would be analyzing the conscious experience by
breaking it down into basic elements, much like the periodic table. What school of thought
would you be attached to? correct answers structuralism
Which of the following is an example of massed practice? correct answers devoting all of your
studying for your psychology exam into one four-hour session, rather than four one-hour
sessions
Rachel noticed that people are generally less patient when tired. She studied how sleep
deprivation affects patience while driving. She predicted that people who have had less than
eight hours of sleep will honk their horn in anger more frequently than people who have had
eight or more hours of sleep. She designed an experiment that used driving simulators to allow
different people to be exposed to the same driving experiences, and looked at the honking
behaviours of the different groups of sleepers. Rachel's work is an example of correct answers
the scientific method.
Which of the following people is demonstrating scientific literacy? correct answers Curtis who is
researching claims about a new diet supplement before buying it.
As a graduate student, you are interested in how humans process memory and language, and how
they use thought in everyday life. Your thesis involves the impact of language on memory. You
are studying to be a _________psychologist. correct answers cognitive
"People become stronger than normal while hypnotized" is an example of a hypothesis because
correct answers it can be confirmed or rejected through scientific testing.
Sheldon has grand plans to be the person who finally develops a "unified theory" that unites all
scientific disciplines. When discussing the theory with him, you are impressed by the fact that it
seems to be able to explain any scenario you propose. As a risk, though, what would be the most
difficult aspect of good scientific research for Sheldon's theory to manage? correct answers
falsifiability
In watching television shows about the workplace during the 1950s, it becomes clear that many
behaviours that were the norm during that time period are no longer acceptable in the workplace
today. What used to be seen as normal interactions between males and females are often seen as
