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HDFS 1351 Lifespan Development - Exam 1 questions well answered
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HDFS 1351 Lifespan Development -Exam 1
science of development - correct answer ✔✔the science that seeks to understand how and why people
of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time
nature - correct answer ✔✔traits, capacities, limitations each individual inherits genetically from his/her
parents at conception
-biologically based
nurture - correct answer ✔✔all of the environmental influences that affect an individual after
conception
-this includes everything from the mothers nutrition while pregnant to the cultural influences of the
nation
lifespan perspective - correct answer ✔✔an approach to the study of human development that takes
into account all phases of life, not just adulthood or childhood
multidirectional development - correct answer ✔✔-Developmental change may be explained as
-Continuous (ex: growing until you reach adult height)
-Stage like (discontinuous - adult business talk vs teen gossip)
-In relation to timing
-critical period
-sensitive period
Critical period - correct answer ✔✔a critical time when a particular type of developmental growth (in
the body or behavior) must happen for normal development to occur, or when harm (such as toxic
substance or destructive event) can occur
,Sensitive Period - correct answer ✔✔a time when a certain type of development is most likely, although
it may still happen later with more difficultly
-ex: language is important to develop over the first few years of life and if it doesn't happen in a certain
time they may have deficits
Multicontextual Development - correct answer ✔✔Historical context (history-graded influences)
-cohort effect (when you were born)
-ex: children born today in the technology world have a very different childhood than someone born in
the 1950's
Socioeconomic context
-socioeconomic status (SES)
Socioeconomic status (SES) - correct answer ✔✔A persons position in society as determined by income,
occupation, education, and place of residence
-how much money ones family makes directly impacts their development (ex: which neighborhood you
live in effects which school you attend)
Multicultural Development - correct answer ✔✔-culture
-Social construction
culture - correct answer ✔✔a system of shared beliefs, norms, behaviors, and expectations that persist
over time and prescribe social behavior and assumptions
-sociocultural-graded influences
-patterns of behavior passed from one generation to the next (family experiences effect development)
Social Construction - correct answer ✔✔An idea that is built on shared perceptions, not an objective
reality
-many age related items (such as childhood, adolescence, yuppie & senior citizen) are social
constructions, connected to biological traits but strongly influenced by social assumptions
-idea based on shared perceptions of how culture supports developmental outcomes
, Cultural Context - correct answer ✔✔-Barbara Rogoff studied culture in Guatamala and America and the
affect it had on kids
-you are not aware of your own culture until you see someone else's
Multidisciplinary Development - correct answer ✔✔-Physchology, sociology, biology
-newer fields: Neuroscience (draws from other disciplines within itself), epigenetics (studies shift in gene
expression)
Infancy (Infants and Toddlers) - correct answer ✔✔0 to 2 years
Early Childhood (preschool years) - correct answer ✔✔2 to 6 years
Middle Childhood (School Aged Children) - correct answer ✔✔6 to 11 years
Adolescence (Teenage Years) - correct answer ✔✔11 to 18 years
Young Adult (Emerging Adult) - correct answer ✔✔18 to 25 years
Middle Adulthood (Adulthood) - correct answer ✔✔25 to 65 years
Late Adulthood (elderly) - correct answer ✔✔65+ years
Normative - correct answer ✔✔Expected - Influences that are similar for individuals in a particular age
group
Non-Normative - correct answer ✔✔events that occur in life at an unexpected time; typically have a
major impact; do not happen to all people
Personality and Social Development - correct answer ✔✔Emphasizes enduring characteristics that
differentiate a person and interactions with others
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