Fluid Volume Excess - Labs - ANSWER- Laboratory findings: based on the area of the body
in which the shift occurs.
• Decreased specific gravity of urine (less than 1.010).
, • Decreased hematocrit.
• Decreased serum sodium secondary to dilution.
• Large fluid shifts occur in severe injuries, burns, intestinal perforations and obstruction, and
lymphatic obstruction. (Zerwekh 2013, p. 115)
Isotonic Solutions - ANSWER- Used to expand ECF volume and for intravascular dehydration.
• D5W: 5% dextrose in water (physiologically hypotonic).
• 0.9% NaCl (normal saline solution).
• Lactated Ringer's solution.
May be used to dilute medications or to keep the vein open.
Note: In D₅W the dextrose is metabolized rapidly, leaving free water to be absorbed. It does not
replenish electrolytes; it is contraindicated for clients with head injuries and should be used with
caution in children because of the potential for increase in intracranial pressure. (Zerwekh 2013,
p. 115)
Hypotonic Solutions - ANSWER- • Contain more water and less basic electrolytes.
• 0.45% or half-strength NaCl (normal saline solution).
• May be used to replenish cellular fluid.
• Monitor closely for intravascular fluid loss, hypotension, changes in level of consciousness, and
edema. (Zerwekh 2013, p. 116)
Hypertonic Solutions - ANSWER- • Used to treat situations of hyponatremia and hypovolemia.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LECTpharis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
