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CFEI Definitions(Definitions from NFPA 921 and NFPA 1033)2023
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CFEI Definitions(Definitions from NFPA 921 and NFPA 1033)2023在当今社会，科技的发展已经渗透
Absolute Temperature - (answer)A temperature measured in Kelvins(K) or Rankines(R).
到我们生活的方方面面。无论是工
作、学习，还是日常娱乐，科技都
Accelerant - (answer)A fuel or 在不断改变我们的生活方式和行为
oxidizer, often an ignitible liquid, intentionally used to initiate a
fire or increase the rate of growth or spread of fire.
模式。可以说，科技的进步不仅提
高了我们的生活质量，还塑造了全
Accident - (answer)An unplanned event that interrupts an activity and sometimes causes injury
新的社会形态。
or damage or a chance occurrence arising from unknown causes; an unexpected happening due
to carelessness, ignorance, and the like.
Active Fire Protection System - (answer)A system that uses moving mechanical or electrical
parts to achieve a fire protection goal.
Ambient - (answer)Someone's or something's surroundings, especially as they pertain to the local
environment; for example, ambient air and ambient temperature.
Ampacity - (answer)The maximum current, in amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously
under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
Ampere - (answer)The unit of electric current that is equivalent to a flow of one coulomb per
second; one coulomb is defined首先，科技极大地提升了信息的获
as 6.24 x 10^18 electrons.
取与传播速度。过去，人们获取信
息的方式有限，依赖书籍、报纸和
Arc - (answer)A high-temperature luminous electric discharge across a gap or through a medium
such as charred insulation. 电视等传统媒介。然而，随着互联
网的普及，人们现在只需通过手机
或电脑，就能在几秒钟内获取全球
Arc Mapping - (answer)The systematic evaluation of the electrical circuit configuration, spatial
最新的新闻、学术研究以及各种知
relationship of the circuit components, and identification of electrical arc sites to assist in the
identification of the area of origin and analysis of the fire's spread.
识。社交媒体平台和搜索引擎的出
现更是让信息传播变得前所未有的
Arc Site - (answer)The location迅速和广泛。知识的便捷获取，不
on a conductor with localized damage that resulted from an
electrical arc. 仅促进了个人学习，也推动了社会
的整体进步。
,Arcing Through Char - (answer)Arcing associated with a matrix of charred material (e.g.,
charred conductor insulation) that acts as a semiconductive medium.
在当今社会，科技的发展已经渗透
到我们生活的方方面面。无论是工
作、学习，还是日常娱乐，科技都
Area of Origin - (answer)A structure, part of a structure, or general geographic location within a
fire scene, in which the "point of origin" of a fire or explosion is reasonably believed to be
在不断改变我们的生活方式和行为
located.
模式。可以说，科技的进步不仅提
高了我们的生活质量，还塑造了全
Arrow Pattern - (answer)A fire新的社会形态。
pattern displayed on the cross-section of a burned wooden
structural member.
Arson - (answer)The crime of maliciously and intentionally, or recklessly, starting a fire or
causing an explosion.
Autoignition - (answer)Initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame.
Autoignition Temperature - (answer)The lowest temperature at which a combustible material
ignites in air without a spark or flame.
Backdraft - (answer)A deflagration resulting from the sudden introduction of air into a confined
space containing oxygen-deficient products of incomplete combustion.
首先，科技极大地提升了信息的获
取与传播速度。过去，人们获取信
Bead - (answer)A rounded globule of re-solidified metal at the end of the remains of an electrical
conductor that was caused by arcing and is characterized by a sharp line of demarcation between
息的方式有限，依赖书籍、报纸和
the melted and unmelted conductor surfaces.
电视等传统媒介。然而，随着互联
网的普及，人们现在只需通过手机
Blast Pressure Front - (answer)The expanding leading edge of an explosion reaction that
或电脑，就能在几秒钟内获取全球
separates a major difference in pressure between normal ambient pressure ahead of the front and
最新的新闻、学术研究以及各种知
potentially damaging high pressure at and behind the front.
识。社交媒体平台和搜索引擎的出
现更是让信息传播变得前所未有的
BLEVE - (answer)Explosions involving vessels that contain liquids under pressure at
迅速和广泛。知识的便捷获取，不
temperatures above their atmospheric boiling points.
仅促进了个人学习，也推动了社会
的整体进步。
, Bonding - (answer)The permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive
path that ensures electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be
在当今社会，科技的发展已经渗透
imposed.
到我们生活的方方面面。无论是工
作、学习，还是日常娱乐，科技都
British Thermal Unit (BTU) - (answer)The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of
在不断改变我们的生活方式和行为
one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit at the pressure of one atmosphere and temperature of
模式。可以说，科技的进步不仅提
60 degrees Fahrenheit.
高了我们的生活质量，还塑造了全
新的社会形态。
Burning Rate - (answer)The rate at which heat energy is generated by burning.
Calcination of Gypsum - (answer)A fire effect realized in gypsum products, including wallboard,
as a result of exposure to heat that drives off free and chemically bound water.
Calorie - (answer)The amount of heat necessary to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius at the
pressure of 1 atmosphere and temperature of 15 degrees Celsius.
Cause - (answer)The circumstances, conditions, or agencies that brought about or resulted in the
fire or explosion incident, damage to the property resulting from the fire or explosion incident, or
bodily injury or loss of life resulting from the fire or explosion incident.
Ceiling Jet - (answer)A relatively thin layer of flowing hot gases that develops under a horizontal
首先，科技极大地提升了信息的获
surface as a result of plume impingement and the flowing gas being forced to move horizontally.
取与传播速度。过去，人们获取信
息的方式有限，依赖书籍、报纸和
Ceiling Layer - (answer)A buoyant layer of hot gases and smoke produced by a fire in a
电视等传统媒介。然而，随着互联
compartment.
网的普及，人们现在只需通过手机
或电脑，就能在几秒钟内获取全球
Char - (answer)Carbonaceous material that has been burned or pyrolyzed and has a blackened
appearance. 最新的新闻、学术研究以及各种知
识。社交媒体平台和搜索引擎的出
现更是让信息传播变得前所未有的
Char Blisters - (answer)Convex segments of carbonized material separated by cracks or
迅速和广泛。知识的便捷获取，不
crevasses that form on the surface of char, forming on materials such as wood as the result of
pyrolysis or burning. 仅促进了个人学习，也推动了社会
的整体进步。
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