Campbell Biology 8th Ed Test Bank
Chapter 40, Animal Form/Function
1) When air temperature exceeds their body temperature, jackrabbits living in hot, arid lands will
A) dilate the blood vessels in their large ears. B) constrict the blood vessels in their large ears.
C) increase movements to find a sunny area. D) bask in a sunny, exposed area. E) begin
involuntary shivering of their skeletal muscles. - ANS B Topic: Overview
Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Which choice best describes a reasonable evolutionary
mechanism for animal structures becoming better suited to specific functions? A) Animals that
eat the most food become the most abundant. B) Animals that restrict their food intake will
become less abundant. C) Animals with mutations that give rise to effective structures will
become more abundant. D) Animals with inventions that curtail reproduction will become more
abundant. E) Animals with parents that continually improve their offspringʹs structures will
become more abundant. - ANS C Topic: Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 3) Evolutionary adaptations that help diverse animals exchange
matter with the environment include A) gastrovascular activity, two-layered body, and torpedo
shape. B) external respiratory surface, small size, and two-layered body. C) large volume, long
tubular body, and wings. D) complex internal structures, small size, and large surface area. E)
unbranched internal surface, small size, and thick covering. - ANS B Topic: Concept 40.1
Application/Analysis 4) Similar fusiform body shapes are seen in sharks, penguins, and aquatic
mammals because A) natural selection has no limits when different organisms face the same
challenge. B) respiration through gills is enhanced by having a fusiform shape. C) the laws of
physics constrain the shapes that are possible for aquatic animals that swim very fast. D) the
fusiform shape is coded by the same gene in all three types of animals. E) all three types
evolved from ancestral forms that fly in the air. - ANS C Topic: Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 5) Regarding the evolution of specialized animal structures, A) the
environment imposes identical problems on all animals regardless of where they are found. B)
the evolution of structure in an animal is influenced by its ability to learn. C) the simplest animals
are those with the most recent appearance among the biota. D) short-term adjustments to
environmental changes are often mediated by physiological organ systems. E) the most
complex animals are the ones with the most ancient evolutionary origin. - ANS D Topic:
Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 6) All animals, whether large or small, have A) an external body
surface that is dry. B) a basic body plan that resembles a two-layered sac. C) a body surface
covered with hair to keep them warm. D) the ability to enter dormancy when resources become
, scarce. E) all of their living cells surrounded by an aqueous medium. - ANS E Topic: Concept
40.1
Application/Analysis 7) As body size increases in animals, there is A) a decrease in the
surface-to-volume ratio. B) no further reproduction in aqueous environments. C) the tendency
for larger bodies to be more variable in metabolic rate. D) an increase in migration to tropical
areas. E) a greater challenge to maintaining body warmth in cold environments. - ANS A Topic:
Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 852 Chapter 40, Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function
8) To increase the effectiveness of exchange surfaces in the lungs and in the intestines,
evolutionary pressures have A) increased the surface area available for exchange. B) increased
the thickness of these linings. C) increased the number of cell layers. D) decreased the
metabolic rate of the cells in these linings. E) increased the volume of the cells in these linings. -
ANS A Topic: Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 9) A specialized function shared by the many cells lining the lungs
and the lumen of the gut is A) decreased oxygen demand due to the lack of oxygen in foods. B)
increased exchange surface provided by their membranes. C) greater numbers of cell
organelles contained within their cytoplasm. D) greater protection due to increased cellular
mass. E) lowered basal metabolic rate due to cooperation between cells. - ANS B Topic:
Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 10) Interstitial fluid A) is the fluid inside the gastrovascular cavity of
Hydra. B) is the internal environment found inside an animalʹs cells. C) is composed of blood. D)
provides for the exchange of materials between blood and body cells. E) is found inside the
small intestine. - ANS D Topic: Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 11) Multicellular organisms must keep their cells awash in an
ʺinternal pondʺ because A) feedback signals cannot cross through the interstitial fluid. B) cells
need an aqueous medium for the exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes. C) this prevents
the movement of water due to osmosis. D) cells need to be protected from nitrogen gas in the
atmosphere. E) terrestrial organisms have not adapted to life in dry environments. - ANS B
Topic: Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 12) Tissues are composed of cells, and tissues functioning together
make up A) organs. B) membranes. C) organ systems. D) organelles. E) organisms. - ANS A
Topic: Concept 40.1
Knowledge/Comprehension 13) An exchange surface is in direct contact with the external
environment in the A) lungs. B) skeletal muscles. C) liver. D) heart. E) brain. - ANS A Topic:
Concept 40.1
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ALICE12. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
