©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024.
Freeman Biological Science: Chapter 3
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
prebiotic soup - ✔✔a hypothetical solution of sugars, amino acids,
nitrogenous bases, and other building blocks of larger molecules that may
have formed in shallow waters or deep-ocean vents of ancient Earth and
given rise to larger biological molecules
enzyme - ✔✔a protein catalyst used by living organisms to speed up and
control biological reactions
catalysis - ✔✔acceleration of the rate of a chemical reaction due to a
decrease in the free energy of the transition state, called the activation
energy
amino acid - ✔✔a small organic molecule bonded to an amino group (-
NH3), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a side group.
Proteins are polymers of twenty common amino acids
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024.
hydrophobic - ✔✔not interacting readily with water; typical of nonpolar
compounds containing that lack charged or electronegative atoms
hydrophilic - ✔✔interacting readily with water; typical of polar
compounds or those containing charged or electronegative atoms
isomer - ✔✔a molecule that has the same molecular formula as another
molecule but differs from it in three-dimensional structure
structural isomer - ✔✔a molecule that shares the same molecular
formula as another molecule but differs in the order in which covalently
bonded atoms are attached
geometric isomer - ✔✔a molecule that shares the same molecular
formula as another molecule but differs in the arrangement of atoms or
groups on either side of a double bond or ring structure
optical isomer - ✔✔a molecule that shares the same molecular formula
as another molecule but differs in the arrangement of atoms or groups
around a carbon atom; left-handed or right-handed form of a molecule
polymer - ✔✔any long molecule composed of small repeating units
(monomers) bonded together; main biological ones include proteins,
nucleic acids, and polysaccharides
Freeman Biological Science: Chapter 3
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
prebiotic soup - ✔✔a hypothetical solution of sugars, amino acids,
nitrogenous bases, and other building blocks of larger molecules that may
have formed in shallow waters or deep-ocean vents of ancient Earth and
given rise to larger biological molecules
enzyme - ✔✔a protein catalyst used by living organisms to speed up and
control biological reactions
catalysis - ✔✔acceleration of the rate of a chemical reaction due to a
decrease in the free energy of the transition state, called the activation
energy
amino acid - ✔✔a small organic molecule bonded to an amino group (-
NH3), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a side group.
Proteins are polymers of twenty common amino acids
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024.
hydrophobic - ✔✔not interacting readily with water; typical of nonpolar
compounds containing that lack charged or electronegative atoms
hydrophilic - ✔✔interacting readily with water; typical of polar
compounds or those containing charged or electronegative atoms
isomer - ✔✔a molecule that has the same molecular formula as another
molecule but differs from it in three-dimensional structure
structural isomer - ✔✔a molecule that shares the same molecular
formula as another molecule but differs in the order in which covalently
bonded atoms are attached
geometric isomer - ✔✔a molecule that shares the same molecular
formula as another molecule but differs in the arrangement of atoms or
groups on either side of a double bond or ring structure
optical isomer - ✔✔a molecule that shares the same molecular formula
as another molecule but differs in the arrangement of atoms or groups
around a carbon atom; left-handed or right-handed form of a molecule
polymer - ✔✔any long molecule composed of small repeating units
(monomers) bonded together; main biological ones include proteins,
nucleic acids, and polysaccharides
