Sudden Cardiac Arrest & Sudden Cardiac Death Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Cardiac Arrest
Institution
Cardiac Arrest
What is sudden cardiac arrest? - Answer-"[Sudden] cardiac arrest is the sudden cessation of cardiac activity so that the victim becomes unresponsive, with no normal breathing and no signs of circulation. If corrective measures are not taken rapidly, this condition progresses to sudden death. Cardia...
Sudden Cardiac Arrest & Sudden
Cardiac Death Exam Questions and
Answers
What is sudden cardiac arrest? - Answer-"[Sudden] cardiac arrest is the sudden
cessation of cardiac activity so that the victim becomes unresponsive, with no normal
breathing and no signs of circulation. If corrective measures are not taken rapidly, this
condition progresses to sudden death. Cardiac arrest should be used to signify an event
as described above, that is reversed, usually by CPR and/or defibrillation or
cardioversion, or cardiac pacing.
What is the most common cause of SCA? - Answer-SCA most commonly results from
hemodynamic collapse due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the setting of structural heart
disease.
What is the difference between sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death? -
Answer-The event is referred to as SCA (or aborted SCD) if an intervention (eg,
defibrillation) or spontaneous reversion restores circulation, and the event is called SCD
if the patient dies.
What are the risk factors for SCA? - Answer-Dyslipidemia, hypertension, cigarette
smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and a family history of premature
CHD or myocardial infarction.
The incidence increases dramatically with age and with underlying cardiac disease. n
addition, men are two to three times more likely to experience SCA than women.
The risk of SCA is increased 6 to10 fold in the presence of clinically recognized heart
disease ,and two to four fold in the presence of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk
factors
What are the various primary prevention strategies? - Answer-The optimal approach to
the primary prevention of SCA varies among the following
categories:
● The general population
● Patients surviving an acute myocardial infarction
● Patients with heart failure and cardiomyopathy
● Patients with one of the congenital disorders associated with an increased risk of SCA
(eg,Brugada syndrome, congenital long QT syndrome, WPW).
What are the various risk factor reduction strategies for SCA? - Answer-● Effective
treatment of hypercholesterolemia
● Effective treatment of hypertension
● Adoption of a heart healthy diet
● Regular exercise
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