100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
BIL150 Mallery exam 2 || 100% CORRECT ANSWERS. $13.99
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. BIL150
  4.  
  5. BIL150

Exam (elaborations)

BIL150 Mallery exam 2 || 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.
 0 purchase
  • Course
  • BIL150
  • Institution
  • BIL150

Bacteria correct answers any of a group of microscopic organisms that are prokaryotic, i.e., that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Bacteria are unicellular (one-celled) and may have spherical (coccus), rod-like (bacillus), or curved (vibrio, spirillum, or spirochete) bodies. Different ...

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 14  pages

Document information

  • October 9, 2024
  • 14
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

Written for

  • BIL150
  • BIL150

Seller

avatar-seller
ProPerfomer

Reviews received

Content preview

BIL150 Mallery exam 2 || 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.
Bacteria correct answers any of a group of microscopic organisms that are prokaryotic, i.e.,
that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Bacteria are unicellular (one-celled) and
may have spherical (coccus), rod-like (bacillus), or curved (vibrio, spirillum, or spirochete)
bodies. Different bacteria inhabit virtually all environments, including soil, water, organic
matter, and the bodies of eukaryotes (multicellular animals). Some bacteria are known to be
beneficial to humans and the higher animals, while many others are harmful; bacteria are the
chief cause of infectious diseases in humans.

Prokaryote correct answers any self-contained cell or organism that lacks internal unit
membranes. Bacteria are among the best-known procaryotic organisms. Procaryotes lack a
nuclear membrane and most of the components of eucaryotic cells. The cell membrane
consists of a phospholipid unit membrane and constitutes the cell's primary osmotic barrier.
The cytoplasm includes ribosomes that carry out translation and protein synthesis. The
nuclear region usually consists of circular, double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Many procaryotes also contain accessory, self-replicating genetic structures, called plasmids,
with additional dispensable cell functions, such as encoding proteins to inactivate antibiotics.
The flagella are distinct from those of eucaryotes in design and movement. The organelles
that are present, such as storage vesicles, are surrounded by a non-unit membrane consisting
principally of proteins.

Archaebacteria correct answers aquatic or terrestrial microorganisms that exhibit a diversity
of shapes, including spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral forms. Archaebacteria lack murein
(ester lipids) in the cell walls, which is characteristic of eubacteria; instead, they have ether
lipids, as well as a number of different cell-wall constituents. Archaebacteria also differ from
eubacteria in the structure of their ribosomal RNA's, which are used in genetic testing to
assess the degree of genetic relatedness among different species. The archaebacteria
reproduce using a wide variety of mechanisms, including binary and multiple fission,
budding, and fragmentation. Archaebacteria survive in a number of extreme environments,
including very hot or saline ones. Archaebacteria may be aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively
anaerobic in their metabolic requirements. Some archaebacteria, such as Halobacterium,
require a highly saline environment. Others, such as Methanobacterium, produce methane
(CH4) as an end product, while still others are dependent on sulfur for their metabolism. The
latter group are among the most thermophilic of the archaebacteria, surviving in temperatures
higher than 45 to 50 C (113 to 122 F).

Eubacteria correct answers any of a group of true bacteria species and one of two major
groups of prokaryotic organisms. The other major group, the archaebacteria, are as different
from eubacteria as either is from the eukaryotes. The division of the bacteria into two groups
has been suggested by ribosomal RNA studies of the genetic information of the organisms.
Eubacteria and archaebacteria are thought to have evolved separately from a common
ancestor early in Earth's history. Eubacteria and archaebacteria differ in important
characteristics, such as the number of ribosomal proteins and the size and shape of the
ribosomal S unit.

Eucaryote correct answers any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus, a
description that excludes bacteria and blue-green algae. The eucaryotic cell has a nuclear
membrane, well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material),
mitochondria (cellular energy exchangers), a Golgi apparatus (secretory device), an

, endoplasmic reticulum (a canal-like communication system within the cell), &lysosomes
(digestive apparatus within many cell types).

Virus correct answers an infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can
reproduce only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria. A virus consists of a single-or
double-stranded nucleic acid and at least one protein surrounded by a protein shell, called a
capsid. The nucleic acid carries the virus's genome--its collection of genes--and may consist
of either DNA or RNA. The protein capsid provides protection for the nucleic acid and may
contain enzymes that enable the virus to enter its appropriate host cell. Some viruses are rod-
shaped, others are icosahedral (a roughly spherical shape that is actually a 20-sided polygon),
and still others have complex shapes consisting of a multisided "head" and a cylindrical
"tail."

Cell division correct answers nucleus, chromosomes, centrioles, microtubules (spindle fibers)
microfilaments (cell furrow pinching it apart

Information storage & transfer correct answers nucleus, chromosome, DNA--> mRNA -->
ribosomes --> enzymes & proteins

Energy conversion correct answers mitochondria

Manufactures membranes & products correct answers ribosomes, rough E.R., smooth E.R.,
Golgi apparatus and its vesicles

Lipid synthesis & drug detoxification correct answers smooth E.R.

Digestion & recycling correct answers lysosomes and food vacuoles

Conversion of H2O2 to water correct answers peroxisomes

Structural integrity correct answers cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate
filaments

Movement correct answers cilia and flagella, microtubules, microfilaments (actin in muscles)
and pseudopodia

Exchanges with the environment correct answers plasma membrane and vesicles

Cell to cell connections correct answers tight junctions, desmosomes, gap junctions,
plasmodesma

Plant cell inter-cell communication correct answers plasmodesma

photosynthesis correct answers chloroplast

membrane cavity of metabolic waste correct answers vacuole

Microtubules correct answers Monomers and Structure:
hollow tube, helix of a and b tubulin dimers, forming a hollow tube 25-nm diameter

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ProPerfomer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

69052 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling
$13.99
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added