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NURS 5315 Test- Inflammation | Questions Solved 100% Correct-Verified Answers
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NURS 5315 Test- Inflammation | Questions Solved 100% Correct-Verified Answers
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NURS 5315 Test- Inflammation | QuestionsSolved 100% Correct-Verified Answers
The lung produces and secretes a family of glycoproteins, collectins, which includes surfactant
proteins A through D and mannose-binding lectin. Collectin binding facilitates macrophages to
recognize the microorganism, enhancing macrophage attachment, phagocytosis, and killing.
What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Increased capillary permeability
c. Endothelial cell contraction
d. Emigration of neutrophils - ✔✔ANS B
The increased flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels,
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for inflammation-
induced edema.
What process causes heat and redness to occur during the inflammatory process?
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Platelet aggregation
c. decreased capillary permeability
d. endothelial cell contraction - ✔✔ANS A
The increased blood flow as a result of vasodilation and increasing concentration of red cells at
the site of inflammation cause locally increased warmth and redness.
,Activation of the classical pathway begins with:
a. Viruses
b. Antigen-antibody complexes
c. Mast cells
d. Macrophages - ✔✔ANS B
Activation of the classical pathway begins only with the activation of protein C1 and is preceded
by the formation of a complex between an antigen and an antibody to form an antigen-
antibody complex (immune complex)
What plasma protein system forms a fibrinous meshwork at an inflamed site?
a. Complement
b. Coagulation
c. Kinin
d. Fibrinolysis - ✔✔ANS B
The coagulation (clotting) system is a group of plasma proteins that form a fibrinous meshwork
at an injured or inflamed site. This protein system (1) prevents the spread of infection to
adjacent tissues, (2) traps microorganisms and foreign bodies at the site of inflammation for
removal by infiltrating cells (e.g., neutrophils and macrophages), (3) forms a clot that stops the
bleeding, and (4) provides a framework for future repair and healing.
Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic microorganisms for
destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?
a. Complement cascade
b. Coagulation system
, c. Kinin system
d. Immune system - ✔✔ANS: A
C3b (a component of the complement cascade) adheres to the surface of a pathogenic
microorganism and serves as an efficient opsonin. Opsonins are molecules that tag
microorganisms for destruction by cells of the inflammatory system, primarily neutrophils and
macrophages
What is the vascular effect of histamine released from mast cells?.
a. Platelet adhesion
b. Initiation of teh clotting cascade
c. Vasodilation
d. Increased endothelial adhesiveness - ✔✔ANS C
C2b affects smooth muscle, causing vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. C3a, C5a,
and, to a limited extent, C4a are anaphylatoxins; that is, they induce rapid mast cell
degranulation (i.e., release of granular contents) and the release of histamine, causing
vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
What is an outcome of the complement cascade?
a. Activation of the clotting cascade
b. Prevention of the spread of infection to adjacent tissues
c. Inactivation of chemical mediators such as histamine
d. Lysis of bacterial cell membranes - ✔✔ANS: D .
The complement cascade can be activated by at least three different means, and its products
have four functions: (1) anaphylatoxic activity, resulting in mast cell degranulation, (2)
leukocyte chemotaxis, (3) opsonization, and (4) cell lysis.
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