NURS 5315 University of Texas Arlington Mod 5
Dr. G class Spring 2024 | Questions with
Answers Verified 100% Correct
A saturation of ____ results in decreased myocardial contraction - ✔✔<50%
Define ejection fraction - ✔✔Percentage of blood ejection from the ventricle with each beat
How do you calculate ejection fraction? (EF) - ✔✔EF= SV/EDV
What is the normal ejection fraction? - ✔✔55-65%
When does the EF decrease? - ✔✔Systolic HF
What are 2 things preload is comprised of? - ✔✔End diastolic volume
End diastolic pressure
Preload is dependent upon the amount of _____ to the ___ and the amount of blood left in the
_____ at the end of ____. - ✔✔venous return
heart
left ventricle
systole
____ may occur as a result of an increased preload - ✔✔Heart failure
What is afterload? - ✔✔Resistance the ventricle pushes against to contract
,What 2 things does afterload include? - ✔✔1. aortic pressure
2. systemic vascular resistance
High aortic pressures or high systemic vascular resistance (seen in ____ patients) results in ____
____ - ✔✔hypertensive patients;
high afterload
A low afterload enables the heart to do what? - ✔✔Contract faster and vice versa
What is arterial blood pressure - ✔✔CO x peripheral resistance
___________ is the highest pressure present after ventricular contraction - ✔✔Systolic
Blood pressure
__________ is the lowest arterial pressure present during ventricular relaxation -
✔✔Diastolic blood pressure
What is a normal MAP? - ✔✔70-100
A SBP >_____ or a MAP > ____ is needed to ensure adequate perfusion to the organs -
✔✔90, 70
Total peripheral vascular resistance is also called _____ and is directly related to the _______ -
✔✔Systemic vascular resistance
- diameter of the arteries
, Vessel diameter changes in response to the baroreceptors and vasoconstrictor hormones such
as ____, ____, ____ and _____ - ✔✔angiotensin II
vasopressin
epinephrine
norepinephrine
What is responsible for cardiac contraction? - ✔✔degree of tension of the left ventricle and
the amount of intracellular calclium
The greater the _____ the stronger the _____ - ✔✔tension
contraction
Drug which alter intracellular calcium levels with affect ----&----- - ✔✔tension & contraction
___&____ are non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers & they ______ - ✔✔Diltiazem
and verapamil: inhibit the influx of calcium into the myocardium.
Calcium channel blockers have ______ ____ ___ and should be avoided in persons with ___ -
✔✔negative inotropic effects: systolic heart failure
What are 5 factors which decrease contraction? - ✔✔1.) Beta blockers: block effects of
catecholamines
2.) heart failure with systolic dysfuction
3.) acidosis
4.) hypoxia/hypercapnia
5.) nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
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